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Biochemistry Chapter 2 and 4
Water: The Medium of Life and Amino Acids and Peptides
16
Biochemistry
Undergraduate 3
09/24/2017

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Cards

Term
4 reasons water is so important
Definition
1. Solvent
2. Involved in chemical reactions
3. Physical property of water determine shape of biological molecules
4. Water is oxidized in photosynthesis
Term
Define polarity
Definition
Separation in electric charge in a molecule causing it to have an electric dipole
Term
What must you consider when determining polarity of a molecule?
Definition
Electronegativity
Term
Types of inter-molecular forces
Definition
Dispersion
Ion-dipole
Dipole-dipole
Hydrogen-bonding
Term
Dispersion Forces
Definition
Non-significant
All molecules undergo this
Based on MW and shape
Term
Ion-dipole: How do ions dissolve in water?
Definition
Hydration shells surround ions in water
Term
Ion-dipoles and dipole-dipoles help ionic and polar compounds do what?
Definition
Dissolve in water
Term
What is required for the formation of a Hydrogen-Bond?
Definition
A donor (O-H or N-H) and an acceptor (O or N)
Term
Like dissolves ______?
Definition
like
Term
Hydrophyllic:
Definition
What type of substances dissolve in water?
What are the predominant IMF present?
Definition
Water loving
Polar substances dissolve in water
Ion_dipole, dipole-dipole and H-bonding
Term
Hydrophobic:
Definition
Do nonpolar substances dissolve?
Definition
Water fearing
Nonpolar substances don't dissolve
Term
Key factors in protein folding
Definition
Hydrophyllic and hydrophobic interactions.
H-bond network of water reorganizes to accommodate the nonpolar solute. Reduce surface area
Term
Amphipathic
Definition
Both polar and nonpolar in character.
Interaction between nonpolar molecules is very weak called van der Walls interactions
Term
What happens when water interacts with amphiphilic molecules
Definition
water tends to hydrate the hydrophillic portion and exclude the hydrophobic portion, leading to the aggregation of the amphiphiles
Term
Colligative Properties
Definition
1. Boiling Point (soln have higher bp)
2. Freezing Point (soln have lower fp)
3. Vapor Pressure (soln have lower vp)
4. Osmotic Pressure
Term
Osmotic lysis is a gentle method of breaking open animal cells to free intracellular proteins. in this technique, cells are suspended in a solution
Definition
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