Term
| Which pathway is central to virtually all living organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| Macronutrients means those nutrients used as building blocks and for energy. What are some examples? |
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Definition
| Carbohydrates, fats, proteins |
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Term
| What happens to the nitrogen from excess protein? |
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Definition
| It is eliminated through urea cycle |
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Term
| Proteins are always being degraded, so there is a constant need for quality protein in order to maintain the body’s structures. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? (A, B6, D, or E?) |
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Definition
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Term
| What function do vitamins usually serve? |
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Definition
| Coenzymes or precursors of enzymes |
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Term
| An essential nutrient is one which is either not made in the body or is not made in sufficient quantity to allow for survival. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Dietary supplements are sometimes indicated for which of the following minerals? (Calcium, chloride, potassium, sodium?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following fats are linked with high cholesterol and heart disease? (Saturated fats, monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, or all fats regardless of saturation) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| have opposing metabolic activity. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Steroid hormones effect... |
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Definition
| carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory and stress reactions, and sexual development. |
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Term
| Most hormones accomplish their activity by direct inclusion in the cell, where they carry out their catalytic function. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Amino acid and protein hormones usually act by binding to a receptor on the cell surface. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Hormone activity frequently turns metabolic pathways on and off by adding phosphate to or removing it from lipids within the cell. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| When cyclic AMP is a second messenger. |
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Definition
| the binding of hormone produces the desired effect in the cell by stimulating the production of cyclic AMP |
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Term
| Catabolic pathways do not require energy input for the pathways to take place. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Anabolic pathways are exergonic. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Glycogen metabolism is influenced by... |
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Definition
| phosphorylase kinase, phosphoprotein phosphatase, epinephrine. |
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Term
| Between meals, the blood glucose levels are regulated mostly by the activity of glycogen synthetase in the liver. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following best describes insulin's structure? (nucleotide, peptide, mineral, or carbohydrate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Insulin exerts its effects through... |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic high carbohydrate diets can result in over-release of insulin, which actually causes hypoglycemia. (T/F?) |
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Definition
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