Term
| Fatty acids are composed of a long ? and a terminal ? |
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Definition
hydrocarbon tail \ carboxyl group
Most have even # of Carbons (14-18) |
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Term
Saturated =
Unsaturated = |
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Definition
Saturated = all single bonds
Unsaturated = some double bonds |
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Term
| What causes the bend in the carbon chain in an unsaturated fatty acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Triacylglycerols (TAGs) consist of # fatty acid chains esterfied to a ? moiety |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes TAG an excellent energy storage material? |
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Definition
They have 3 fatty acid chains, which means they are a rich source of highly reduced carbons.
It's a primary component of adipose tissue |
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Term
| What is the most common type of lipid in membranes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glycerolphospholipids have # fatty acid chains attached, and in place of the 3rd fatty acid chain, they have a ? group. |
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Definition
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Term
| In glycerolphospholipids, normally the # Carbon is saturated while the # Carbon has unsaturated fatty acid attached. |
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Definition
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Term
Sphingolipids have ? as the backbone.
Where can they be found? |
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Definition
sphingosine
Found in specialized cell types like nervous system membranes. |
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Term
| What type of fatty acid must have at least 2 isoprene units hooked together? |
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Definition
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Term
| This monoterpene is essential in vision: |
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Definition
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Term
| This monoterpene is a precursor of steroids, including cholesterol |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common steroid found in animals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three steroid hormones in which cholesterol serves as a precursor |
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Definition
| testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol |
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Term
| What is the purpose of bilayer membranes? |
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Definition
| Bilayers are formed to reduce the exposure of non-polar tails to water. |
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Term
| What must be a prerequisite in order for lipids can form micelles, vesicles, and bilayers? |
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Definition
| The concentration of lipids must be above the critical micelle concentration, or CMC. |
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