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Definition
| buffer DNA made of repeat sequences; GC rich; don't code for anything but protect coding sequences; dynamic- undergo addition and deletion |
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Definition
| an enzyme able to polymerize telometric DNA in germline cells; not active in somatic cells; a specialized reverse transcriptase that carries its own RNA template for DNA synthesis; adds to the 3' end of each DNA strand |
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Definition
| proposed structure of the telomere; DNA loops around and the 3' end of the telomere invades and hydrogen binds earlier in the telomere; the end is "folded" into the middle part of the strand; there are proteins that bind both the loop and the T connection, which makes this structure very stable |
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Term
| Reverse Transcriptase (10) |
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Definition
Three activities in one polypepride:
1)2) RNA directed DNA polymerase
2) RNase H activity (degrades RNA in the DNA:RNA hybrids)
3) DNA directed DNA polymerase (makes a DNA duplex after RNase H activity destroys the viral genome)
*Also, is the target of HIV therapy |
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Definition
| Ribosomal RNA; the RNA components of ribosomes |
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| the adaptor molecule that acts in the process of translation by bringing in the new amino acids |
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Definition
| small nuclear RNAs that work together to splice mRNAs |
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Definition
| small nuclear RNAs; help in the production of ribosomes; the nucleolus is where rRNAs and ribosomes are made |
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Definition
| very small RNAs that play a big role in regulating gene expression |
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Definition
| ribozyme that cleaves the long pre-RNA transcript |
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Term
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Definition
1)2' hydroxyl group is chemically active
2) single-stranded and flexible
3)can have complex, 3D structures
4)can serve as info carriers and catalysts (ribozymes) |
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Term
| RNA World Hypothesis (10) |
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Definition
| says RNAs were the first molecules to be used as genomes; can hold genetic info and act as enzymes; learned how to make proteins at some point (freed the burden of enzymatic activity);RNA then evolved into more stable DNA genomes |
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