Term
| Two types of Nucleic Acids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Adenine and Guanine (smaller) |
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Term
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Definition
| Thymine, cytosine, and uracil |
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Term
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Definition
Class of enzyme that cleaves DNA and RNA
gets rid of old DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| A nuclease that cleaves DNA/RNA in the middle of a strand |
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Term
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Definition
| Nuclease that cleaves DNA/RNA at the end of a strand |
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Term
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Definition
| Bond between Nucleic Acid bases |
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Term
| Difference between eukaryotic/prokaryotic replication |
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Definition
prokaryotic couples trasncription, translation, and modification while eukaryotic separates each section
eukaryotic can modify mRNA inside nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
tray with wells containing DNA oligonucleotide single strands, 5' bonded to chip
each strand corresponds to a gene
cell mRNA is isolated and introduced to array (dye in 5' end)
gene bonds to corresponding DNA fragment and becomes fluorescent |
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Term
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Definition
Bend
Triple Strand
Quadruple Strand
Cruciform |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Viran RNA is injected
hijacks ribosomes using IRES and viral RNA Replicase
kills cell |
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Term
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Definition
| unhealthy conformation of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose), nucleic acid base, and phosphodiester bonds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Base, sugar, and phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
bases are hydrophobic and lend to helix
sugars are hydrophobic, end up outside
phosphate is hydrophilic and ends up outside |
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Term
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Definition
| cooling of DNA fragments to allow reformation |
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Term
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Definition
produced by 4-6 A phased with 10 base pair spaces
DNA binding proteins can help bends as well
the 2 bonds of Adenine (pyrimidine) allows for flexibility of bend |
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Term
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Definition
anti-cancer drug bonds tetravalent platinum to form a kink in DNA
enough kinks and you get apoptosis |
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Term
| DNA organization in the cell |
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Definition
double helix
helix wraps around protein beads
beads on a string wrap around into a larger helix
large helix hugs protein scaffold and twists into bundles
bundles bunch together and form chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| protein that helps organize DNA in Eukaryotic Cells (beads for bends) |
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Term
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Definition
requires inverted repeats in opposite strand
when heated and cooled, copied section bonds across strands
found at promoter for replication and transcription
stabilized by proteins |
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Term
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Definition
uses hoogsteen bonds between nitrogen and hydrogen (Hbond basically)
TAT, CGC, GAG, etc.
occurs during recombination/transcription
RecA protein wraps single strand around duplex of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
only exists with a quartet of G's
stabilized by a metal ion inside the helix
found in telomeres, maintained by enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
DNA in a ring that has been twisted
can be L or R hand (+ or -)
WC bond formed across itself
DNA enzyme twists strand ahead of itself |
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Term
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Definition
enzyme that relaxes supercoiled DNA
1. breaks strand one at a time
2. breaks bond and holds both ends and lets one side relax then reattaches. |
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Term
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Definition
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
small stable RNA |
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Term
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Definition
carries info to ribosomes
prokaryotic mRNA has no CAP but sometimes polyA Tail
eukaaryotic mRNA has structure at 5' end forming hairpin |
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Term
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Definition
| structure on mRNA that works with CAP to increase efficiency of translation |
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Term
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Definition
less than 100 bases clover leaf or double L fold
anticodon loop helps bring amino acid to ribosome
3' end carries Amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
80% of cellular RNA and stable
determined by non translated 5' end
skeleton of Ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
RNA processing and trasport
controls translation and functions in protein recognition
as amount of protein grows or nutrient falls, small stable inhibits translation by hybridizing with mRNA
transcription can be regulated by small stable competing with RNA polymerase at promoter (low nutrient) |
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