Term
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Definition
Saccharides containing a free aldehyde
group
-can be detected by their ability to reduce Cu2+ or Fe3+ (such as inBenedict’s solution) to yield colored products. |
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Term
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Definition
A branched polysaccharide of glucose having both
α(1-4) and α(1-6) linkages.
-A branched structure allows for the compact storage of large amounts of glucose as an energy reserve; however, the mixed linkages mean that two
different enzymes are required to release the glucose for metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
An endosaccharidase, attacking internal α(1-4) glycosidic
bonds that are not at branches.
-Products are maltose, maltotriose, and α-limit dextrin. |
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Term
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Definition
a linear polymer having α(1-4) linkages
-plants store glucose as starch, of which amylose is one form. |
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Term
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Definition
a branched polymer that includes α(1-4) and α(1-6) linkages.
-plants store glucose as starch, of which this is one form. |
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Term
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Definition
Similar to amylose
in being a linear polymer of glucose residues, but they are linked by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. This makes it rigid, due to H-bonds that form between the monosaccharide units, and indigestible |
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Term
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Definition
| Derives from the hydrolysis of starch and is a reducing disaccharide composed of two glucose units in α(1-4) linkage |
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Term
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Definition
A disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose linked by an α(1-4) glycosidic bond.
-Lactose is a reducing sugar since the anomeric carbon of the glucose residue is free to exist in equilibrium with the open form while the galactosyl residue is locked into a ring. |
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Term
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Definition
A disaccharide of glucose and fructose linked by an
α(1-2) glycosidic bond.
-both anomeric carbons contribute to this linkage, accounting for the observation that sucrose is a non-reducing sugar. |
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