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Bio
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87
Biology
Beginner
09/11/2016

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Term
Chemsitry
Definition
study of what matter is composed of & how matter changes
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
separates thoracic & abdominal cavities
Term
Medial
Definition
refers to midline of body
Term
brain
Definition
within the cranial cavity
Term
Frontal plane
Definition
divides body anteriorly & posteriorly
Term
Sagittal Plane
Definition
Divides body into right & left portions
Term
Gallbladder
Definition
Organ in upper quadrant
Term
Hypogastric
Definition
Below umbilical region
Term
Anatomical postion
Definition
Body upright facing forward with arms at side & palms facing forwards
Term
Pelvic cavity
Definition
bladder & internal reproductive organs
Term
Abdominal cavity
Definition
organs of digestion (abdominopelvic)
Term
Ventral cavity
Definition
thoracic, lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea
Term
Dorsal cavity
Definition
Cranial, brain, vertebral, spinal cord
Term
Organ system
Definition
organs join together to carry out vital functions
Term
organs
Definition
combination of 2 or more tissue type that work together to carry out specific functions
Term
Organelles
Definition
molecules joined together
Term
Matter
Definition
anything that takes up space and has weight (solid, liquid, gas)
Term
Molecules
Definition
2 or more Atoms that bond together
Term
Atom
Definition
smallest unit of matter
Term
Tissues
Definition
cells act together to perform a specific functions
Term
Cells
Definition
basic structural & functional unit of life
Term
Required for life
Definition
(CHONPCS) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and sulfer
Term
Chemical level
Definition
most basic level- made of atoms and molecules
Term
Anatomy
Definition
Study of the body structure
Term
Physiology
Definition
study of the functions
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
relative consistency of the body internal environment
Term
Organization of the body
Definition
Atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism
Term
4 types of tissues
Definition
epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue
Term
Metabolism
Definition
overal chemical functions of body
Term
Anabolism
Definition
(add) small molecules combine to form larger ones
Term
Catabolism
Definition
larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones
Term
Compounds
Definition
2 or more atoms of more than one element combine Ex: water
Term
Covalent bond
Definition
2 atoms share same electron EX: oxygen-carbon-oxygen
Term
chemical bonds
Definition
Atoms that are held together (energy is stored in)
Term
Hydrogen bond
Definition
attractive intermolecular force between 2 partial electric charges of opposite polarity (weak but important for body)
Term
Biochemistry
Definition
branch of chemistry that deals with the chemistry of life or biological chemistry (life)
Term
Neutral
Definition
#7 - water - color yellow
Term
Acidic
Definition
below #7 - color red
Term
Alkaline
Definition
basic - above 7-14 - color blue or purple
Term
Nucleus
Definition
is at center of atom or cell
Term
Electrons
Definition
surround nucleus
Term
Atomic number
Definition
number of protons in element
Term
atomic weight
Definition
# protons & # of neutrons
Term
isotop
Definition
some are radioactive. same atomic number but different weight
Term
protons
Definition
proactively charge particle
Term
Inorganic substances
Definition
water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inorganic salts
Term
Organic substance
Definition
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Term
zygote
Definition
fertilized egg
Term
Differentiation
Definition
process of cell becoming specialized
Term
Components of cell
Definition
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
Term
Nucleus
Definition
large spherical organelle that has a double membrane with holes and pores. holds DNA, nucleolus, chromatin, histones
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
between cell membrane and nucleus
Term
Cilia
Definition
propelling matter throughout body tracts. helps move
Term
flagella
Definition
helps sperm move
Term
centrioles
Definition
responsible for separation of the chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis
Term
peroxisome
Definition
toxic, responsible for production of hydrogen peroxide that is toxic to cells
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
power house of cell. contains own DNA
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
production of proteins
Term
Rough ER
Definition
has ribosomes, synthesis and processing of proteins and transporting them to golgi
Term
smooth ER
Definition
makes lipids, detoxification of substances
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
processing, packaging, and transporting proteins
Term
Vesicles
Definition
transports in cell as well as in membrane for export out the cell
Term
cell membrane
Definition
made up of lipid bilayer (hydrophilic, hydrophobic)
Term
Selectively permeable
Definition
allows some substance pass through while preventing others. in cell membrane
Term
Cell transport that requires energy
Definition
active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis
Term
cell transport that doesn't require energy
Definition
simple diffusion, osmosis, filtration, facilitated diffusion,
Term
2 types of endocytosis
Definition
Phagocytosis & pinocytosis
Term
interphase
Definition
spends 90% getting ready for mitosis.
Term
Mitosis
Definition
production of 2 identical cells
Term
Prophase
Definition
responsible for DNA
Term
metaphase
Definition
Chromosomes line up in middle
Term
anaphase
Definition
start pulling apart
Term
telophase
Definition
nuclear starts to form around chromosomes
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
division of cytoplasm. not part of mitosis being in anaphase
Term
Meiosis
Definition
specialized type of cell division involving 2 cell divisions. (sperm and eggs)
Term
Cell cycle regulations
Definition
can only divide certain amount of time
Term
Labile cell
Definition
can constantly divide (skin)
Term
Stable cells
Definition
divides when needed (injured)
Term
Permanent cells
Definition
can only pull
Term
Stem cell
Definition
capable of becoming variety of different cell types and of self renewal
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
programmed cell death
Term
necrosis
Definition
pathological cell death
Term
Symptom
Definition
subjective finding of a disease
Term
Tentative diagnosis
Definition
temporary diagnosis
Term
Virulence
Definition
strength of pathogenicity
Term
Sign
Definition
objective finding of a disease
Term
prognosis
Definition
likely outcome of a disease
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