Term
| How long have plants been on land? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did plants move onto land? |
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Definition
| Aquatic Algae species developed an increased tolerance for less wet conditions, gradually evolved and became terrestrial plants. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How many known species of plants are there? |
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Definition
| Over 290,000 known species. |
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Term
| What are the common traits of plants? |
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Definition
- Multicellular
- Eukaryotic
- Photosynthetic autotrophs |
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Term
| What is the life cycle of land plants defined by? |
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Definition
| Alternation of Generations |
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Term
| The word ending "phyte" should signal |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2 cells genetically identical to the parent cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 cells with 1/2 the chromosome number of the parent cell. |
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Term
| What is the sequence of stages in a land plant's life cycle? |
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Definition
| Sporophyte, Spore, Gametophyte, Gamete, Sporophyte |
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Term
| How may a Sporophyte be characterized? |
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Definition
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Term
| How may a Spore be characterized? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sporophytes that goes through meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does meiosis do to the number of alleles? |
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Definition
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Term
| How may a Gametophyte be characterized? |
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Definition
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Term
| How may gametes be characterized? |
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Definition
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Term
| The two unicellular stages in the life cycle are: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is unique about the gamete stage of the plant's life cycle? |
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Definition
| It requires two gametes to fertilize. |
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Term
| What are the two generations in Alternations of Generations? |
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Definition
| Sporophyte and Gametophyte. |
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Term
| What are gametophytes like in seed plants? |
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Definition
| Microscopic and contained within the sporophyte. |
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Term
| How are embryos nutritionally supported? |
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Definition
| Placental transfer cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| The connection through which the transfer of nutrients from the parent plant to the embryo. |
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Term
| Where are the placental transfer cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: the sporophyte never leaves the gametophyte in seed plants. |
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Definition
| False: the gametophyte never leaves the sporophyte in seed plants. |
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Term
| What is the difference in reproductive ability between algal plants and land plants? |
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Definition
| Land plants can reproduce in dryer and harsher conditions than their algal ancestors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth regions in tips of roots and shoots to access nutrients and sunlight. |
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Term
| How do land plants access additional resources considering they have no motility |
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Definition
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Term
| The two kinds of land plants are: |
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Definition
| Vascular and non-vascular. |
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Term
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Definition
| Having specialized tissue to conduct water and nutrients throughout plant. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What phyla comprises most of the extant plants? |
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Definition
| Angiosperms are way, way, way by far the most numerous. |
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Term
| What are the characterisitcs of Bryophytes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do Bryophytes proliferate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the dominant stage in bryophytes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Female plant part that produces and retains the egg. |
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Term
| How do sperm get to the egg in bryophytes? |
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Definition
| They swim through water film using flagella. |
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Term
| What happens to the sporophyte in bryophytes? |
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Definition
| It grows out of and remains dependent on the gametophyte. |
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Term
| Lycophyta and Pterophyta are more commonly known as... |
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Definition
| Ferns, club moss, horsetail, etc. |
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Term
| What are the characterisitcs of Lycophyta and Pterophyta? |
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Definition
| Vascular, seedless, herbaceous plants. |
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Term
| How do sperm get to the egg in Lycophyta and Pterophyta? |
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Definition
| Their flagellated sperm swim in water. |
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Term
| What is the dominant generation for lycophyta and pterophyta? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is sporophyte dominant in lycophyta and pterophyta? Why or why not? |
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Definition
| Yes, because it is not dependant on the gametophyte for nutrients |
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Term
| Vascular plants have the two following kinds of tubes: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Conduct water and minerals. |
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Term
| What are Xylem tubes made of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Complex molecule with variable forms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Provides structural support and helps conduct water. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Conducts sugars, amino acids, etc. |
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Term
| Xylem tubes transport substances from where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Phloem tubes transport substances from where? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two things that most vascular plants have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the evolutionary advantage of leaves? |
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Definition
| Increased surface area for more photosynthesis and gas exchange. |
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Term
| What is the evolutionary advantage of roots? |
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Definition
| Support, greater height and access to water and minerals. |
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Term
| Do vascular or non-vascular plants tend to be taller? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is water required for fertilization in mosses and other non-vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is water required for fertilization in ferns and other seedless vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is water required for fertilization in seed plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is sporophyte dominant in mosses and non-vascular plants? |
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Definition
| No. It is dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition. |
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Term
| Is gameotophyte dominant in mosses and non-vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is gametophyte dominant in ferns and other vascular plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: the gametophyte is dependant on the sporophyte in ferns and other vascular plants. |
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Definition
| False: The gametophyte is independent of the sporophyte in ferns and other vascular plants. |
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Term
| Is sporophyte dominant in seed plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is gametophyte dominant in seed plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: the gametophyte is independant of the sporophyte in seed plants. |
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Definition
| False: the gametophyte is dependent on the sporophyte in seed plants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Embryo packaged with a supply of nutrients inside a protective coat. |
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Term
| Which type of plant has non-motile sperm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do seed plants not require water for fertilization? |
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Definition
| They have non-motile sperm. |
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Term
| The two types of seed plants? |
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Definition
| Gymnosperm and Angiosperm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the seeds in angiosperms? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the seed in gymnosperms? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: all brycophytes reproduce sexually. |
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Definition
| False: some brycophytes reproduce asexually. |
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Term
| Where is the egg produced and contained? |
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Definition
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