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| the superimposed layer rock that was covered and compressed by new layers of sediment |
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| the principle that events in the past occurred suddenly and were caused by mechanisms different from those operating in the present |
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| mechanisms of change are constant over time |
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| characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in specific environments |
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| humans have modified other species over many generations by selecting and breeding individuals that possess desired traits |
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| process in which individuals that have certain heritable characteristics survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals |
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| related species can have characteristics with an underlying similarity even though they may have very different functions |
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| represent variations on a structural theme that was present in their common ancestor |
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| periods of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill different ecological roles |
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| determine such basic features as where a pair of wings and a pair of legs will develop on a bird |
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| change in the rate or timing of developmental events (growth rates of humans, and chimpanzee skull growth to humans) |
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| the once juvenile structures are now maturing much earlier, and causes offspring to appear very different from their ancestors |
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