Term
| Constraints on structure and function |
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Definition
1. Phylogeny
2. Size
3. Mechanical
4. Environment |
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Term
| Muscle - Types and which is evolved in locomotion |
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Definition
-Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac
-Only Skeletal is involved in locomotion |
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Term
| Levers - How it works, most common class, and example |
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Definition
-Position of inforce and out force relative to pivot (Joint)
-3rd class lever - most common
-Flexion at elbow joint |
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Term
| How increase velocity (speed) |
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Definition
| -Move muscle closer, increase out-lever lengthen limb to segment |
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Term
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Definition
| -Move muscle further from joint, decrease the out lever, shorten limb segment |
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Term
| Reduce number of lower limb elements in contact with the ground... 3 types |
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Definition
-Plantigrade - Soles
-Digitigrade - Fingers and toes
-Unguligrade - Tips of toes |
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Term
| Saltation - What is it and what are its benefits |
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Definition
-Hopping
-Thrust: Lengthened hindlimbs, short forelimbs |
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Term
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Definition
-Arm Swinging
-Elongate forelimbs and hands forming hooks
-Fingers curved
-Best developed in some primates |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Bat Flight vs. Bird Flight |
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Definition
-Bat flight memebrane supported by greatly elongated 2-4 digits vs. birds
-Bats: Retain mobility of joints of hand and fingers - more control |
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