Term
| All Cells needs <br> what three things |
|
Definition
Nutrients
Gas exchange
Removal of wastes |
|
|
Term
| What's an Open Circulatory system |
|
Definition
Heart pumps blood through<br> open-ended vessels
Cells directly bathed in blood |
|
|
Term
| Whats as closed circulatory system |
|
Definition
Blood stays confined to vessels
Heart pumps blood to arteries to capillaries
Veins returns blood to heart |
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|
Term
| Described a 2 chambered <br> fish heart |
|
Definition
Pumps blood in a sigle circuit
gills to capillaries
to systemic capillaries
back to heart |
|
|
Term
| Describe a double circulatory system <br> (three chambered heart) |
|
Definition
Three chambered
seperate pulmonary and systemic circuits
two atria
one undivided ventricle |
|
|
Term
| Describe a four chambered heart |
|
Definition
two atria and two ventricles
circuits dont' mix
right side pumps body to lungs
left side pumps lungs to body
Higher blood pressure
needed in endothermic animals |
|
|
Term
What is diastole
and
where does blood flow |
|
Definition
From veins into
heart chambers
(relaxing period) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sets rate of heart contractions
Generates electrical signals in atria |
|
|
Term
| What is the pacemaker influenced by |
|
Definition
| Nerves, hormones, body temperature, and exercise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Typically from blocked coronary artery
causes damage to cardiac muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Death of brain tissue from blocked<br> arteries in the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thin walls
Narrow - blood cells are single file
increases surface area for gas and fluid exchange |
|
|
Term
| Do arteries or veins have<br> the one way valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
List the circulatory system's <br> highest blood pressure
to lowest |
|
Definition
Aorta > Arteries >
Arterioles > Capillaries >
Venules > Veins >
Venae cavae
|
|
|
Term
How does blood
travel against gravity
up the legs |
|
Definition
Pressure from muscle contractions
squeezes veins
one-way valves limit blood flow down. |
|
|
Term
What does high blood pressure
cause |
|
Definition
Heart to work harder
increased plaque formation from tiny ruptures
increased risk of blood clot formation
can cause
Cause heart attacks, strokes, kidney failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Red and white blood cells suspened
in Plasma (90% water)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Various inorganic ions
Proteins, nutrients
wastes, gases
hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Can be used to produce other cells, from organs to blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cancer of white blood cells
Requires to clear bone marrow
of patient and transplant from
a donor |
|
|
