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| using several different fields of scientific thought or study to try to understand evolution |
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| speciation/macroevolution that occurs very slowly (step-by-step) and gradually |
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| when organisms change very quickly and then stay the same for a while; the thought that the "gaps" in the fossil record aren't actually gaps, that's just how evolution happened |
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| an event that is going to cause a number of organisms to go extinct |
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| scientific study of the interaction between organisms and their environment |
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| how an organism meets challenges posed by its environment |
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| what factors affect population size and change |
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| how interactions between species affect community structure and organization |
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| organisms' adaptations to their environment over may generations through natural selection |
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| differential survival and reproduction of individuals that leads to evolution in the minute-to-minute frame of interactions between organisms and their environment; shorter than evolutionary time |
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| huge labs with manipulation of usually natural things |
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| biotic and abiotic resources put together |
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| one reproductive event with lots of offspring; usually live in harsh or unpredictable environments where survival of offspring is low |
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| when a female produces multiple times; more stable environment where offspring are more likely to survive |
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| groups of populations of different species that are living close enough to interact |
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| where two separate lines of evolution have resulted in similarities (usually physical); ex. Mullerian mimcry |
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Definition
| exists on the surface of the host |
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| lives within the body of the host |
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| species in a community that is the most abundant or that collectively has the most biomass |
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| not usually the most abundant species, but they still have a profound effect on the community |
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| any species that dramatically alters its environment physically |
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| species richness depends on the part of the world the community is in (latitude and climate) |
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| rate of evaporation of water from soil plus transpiration of water from plants; function of solar radiation, temperature, and water availability |
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| potential evapotranspiration |
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Definition
| measure of potential water loss (assumes water is readily available) that is determined by amount of solar radiation and temperature and is highest in regions where both are plentiful |
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Definition
| the rate of species immigration to an island will eventually equal the rate of species extinction; correlated with island size and distance from mainland |
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| total mass of all individuals in a population |
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