Term
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Definition
| site of photosynthesis in plants |
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Term
| opposite of cellular respiration |
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Definition
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Term
| during photosynthese, glucose and other energy-rich molecules are _____ through a process that requires energy from the sun |
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Definition
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Term
| during cellular respiration, energy is _____ from glucose and other energy rich molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| transforms light energy trapped by chloroplasts into chemical bond energy and stores that energy in sugar and other organic molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| synthesis of energy rich organic molecules (glucose) from energy poor molecule (CO2 and H2O) |
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Definition
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Term
| uses co2 as a carbon source and sunlight energy as the energy source |
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Definition
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Term
| directly or indirectly supplies energy to most living organisms |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of chemical reaction is photosynthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| chloroplast are found during photosynthesis and they produce ____ and give off ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| major organs of photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| photosynthesis occurs primarily in? |
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Definition
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Term
| green pigment that gives a leaf its color. it is also responcible for the absorption of the light energy that drives photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| energy that drives photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| water is absorbed by the ROOTS and transported to the leaves through _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| chloroplasts contain ____ and the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| flattened membrane sacs inside the chloroplasts |
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Definition
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Term
| thylakoids are arranged in stacks called? |
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Definition
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Term
| thylakoids are where the ____ reactions occur |
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Definition
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Term
| two different reactions of photosynthesis |
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Definition
-light dependent
-light independent |
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Term
| 2 different reactions occur in ____ regions of the chloroplast |
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Definition
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Term
| reaction that produces ATP and NADPH |
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Definition
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Term
| reaction where oxygen is released as a by product |
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Definition
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Term
| reaction that occurs in the thylakoid membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| reaction where energy is used to make glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| reaction that takes place in the stroma |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of properties does light have? |
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Definition
| wavelike and particle-like |
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Term
| electromagnetic energy travels in _____ |
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Definition
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Term
shorter wavelength in light has ____ energy
longer wavelength has ____ energy |
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Definition
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Term
| (gamma rays) 10 -3 nm to 10 3 m radio waves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| besides waves, electromagnetic energy also travels in ? |
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Definition
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Term
| discrete particles are called |
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Definition
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Term
| substances that absorb visible light |
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Definition
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Term
| pigment that is the key light-capturing molecule in thylakoid membranes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| blue deep green and blue green |
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Definition
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Term
| carotenoids and phycocanins are? |
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Definition
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Term
| amount of pigments absorbed from different wavelengths of light |
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Definition
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Term
| why do leaves change in the fall |
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Definition
| chlorophyll a and b are broken down |
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Term
| assemblies which turn light energy into chemical energy in the thylakoid membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| chlorophyll, proteins, and accessory pigments are arranged into a ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| components of a photosystem include: |
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Definition
1. light-harvesting complex
2. reaction- center chlorophyll
3. electron transport system |
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Term
| there are two types of photosystems within the _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| ps1 and ps2 each has a individual ______ where it is made |
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Definition
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Term
| transforming light energy to chemical energy |
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Definition
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Term
in light dependent reaction, electrons lost from ps1 get replaced by ____ and electrons lost from ps2 and replaced by ____
-these reactions produce _____ and _____ |
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Definition
-ps2
-splitting water
-ATP AND NADPH |
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Term
| what is the purpose of having two photosystems in the light dependent reaction? |
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Definition
| the two generate different energy carriers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| as the electrons flow down the ps2 electron transport system, ATP is generated by _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| when less water is available during a drought, why is the rate of photosynthesis in plants produced? |
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Definition
| fewer electrons are around to fuel the ETC |
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Term
| the coupling of the electron flow down an electron transport chain to ATP production by creation of a gradient across the membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______ drives ATP sysntesis as _____ diffuse back across the membrane |
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Definition
-proton gradient
-protons |
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Term
| ps2 generates ____ by chemiosmosis |
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Definition
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Term
| both ATP and NADPH act as sources of stored chemical energy which is? |
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Definition
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Term
2nd half of photosysnthesis
-occurs outside the thylakoid in the STROMA
-makes glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| cycle of reactions in photosysnthesis in which atmospheric carbon CO2 is fixed (carbon fixation) using ATP and NADPH |
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Definition
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Term
| where does the C3 cycle occur |
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Definition
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Term
| what provides the chemical energy for the calvin benson cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| is light or energy required for the c3 cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. carbon fixation
2. G3P sysnthesis (atp and nadph is used)
3. regeneration of RuBP (sugar carbons are shuffled around to make 3 5-carbon sugars from 5 3-carbon sugars) (regenerating starting material) |
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Term
| acquiring carbon from the atmosphere and incorporating it into a larger organic molecule, RuBP is converted to PGA |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pga is made in g3p. energy from atp and nadph is used |
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Term
step 3
2 G3p molecules are made into ___ the remaining G3p molecules are made back into RuBp. requires ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ energy carrier molecules are used for ___ molecule of glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| in the calvin cycle, where do the carbons used to systhesize glucose origionate? |
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Definition
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Term
| how are light independent reactions and the calvin cycle related? |
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Definition
| the energy-carrier molecules of the light dependent reactions fuel the calvin cycle |
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Term
| what is responsible for the beautiful shades of red, orange, and gold in autumn leaves? |
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Definition
| accessory pigments becomes visible after chlorophyll breaks down |
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