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Definition
| Undergo respiration in the presence of oxygen |
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Definition
| Undergo respiration in the absence of oxygen |
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Definition
– Requires oxygen to grow
– Through cellular respiration, these organisms use oxygen to oxidize substances, like sugars or fats, in order to obtain energy. |
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Definition
– When oxygen is available, they carry out aerobic respiration.
– When oxygen is not available, they ferment carbohydrates to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide. |
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Term
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Definition
– Cannot use oxygen for growth
– Yet tolerates presence of oxygen |
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Term
| Respiration vs. Fermentation |
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Definition
– Respiration does need oxygen (aerobic)
– Fermentation does not need oxygen (anaerobic) |
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Term
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Definition
| Metabolic pathway that converts glucose into ATP (ATP = energy) |
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Term
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Definition
| Unicellular fungi with eukaryotic cells. Are facultative anaerobes and are capable of forming colonies on solid culture media. Over 1500 species. |
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Definition
| Molecules that increase that rate of a reaction (helps with things such as digestion) |
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Definition
| Breaks starch into sucrose |
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Definition
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Definition
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| an organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen -- saccharides |
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Term
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Definition
– Glucose; fructose – go through a mutarotation (causes glucose to become a dry solid) and fructose has 4 isomeric forms.
– Oxidation of glucose:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + e
– Fermentation of glucose:
C6H12O6 --> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + e |
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Term
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Definition
| Sucrose; lactose; maltose |
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Term
| Poly/Oligosaccharides (Starch) |
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Definition
| a long (100's) polymer of Glucose molecules, where all the sugars are oriented in the same direction. Starch is one of the primary sources of calories for humans. |
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Term
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Definition
| a long (100's) polymer of Glucose molecules. However the orientation of the sugars is a little different. In Cellulose, every other sugar molecule is "upside-down". This small difference in structure makes a big difference in the way we use this molecule. |
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Term
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Definition
| is another Glucose polymer. Glycogen is a stored energy source, found in the Liver and muscles of Humans. Glycogen is different from both Starch and Cellulose in that the Glucose chain is branched or "forked". |
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Term
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Definition
| Production of a commercially useful chemical or fuel by a biological process |
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Definition
| A container used for bioprocessing |
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Term
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Definition
| A growth chamber that keeps a bacterial culture at a specific volume and rate of growth by limiting nutrient media and eliminating spent culture. |
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Definition
| A bioreactor used to grow bacteria or yeasts in liquid culture |
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Definition
| fuel whose energy is derived from biological carbon fixation |
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Term
| Renewable vs. Nonrenewable Resources |
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Definition
– Renewable resources naturally restore and replenish in the environment in a reasonable amount of time
– Nonrenewable resources either do not naturally restore themselves or take millions of years to renew themselves in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids |
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Term
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Definition
| dealing with the application of pressurized gas to effect mechanical motion |
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Definition
| a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without soil |
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Definition
| a sustainable food production system that combines an aquaculture and hydroponics system together to naturally sustain life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Farming of aquatic organisms by cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| Naturally using pollutant concentrations in contaminated areas with plants to eliminate toxins from the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Using plants to manage or reduce high levels of soil and groundwater contaminants |
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Term
| Heavy Metal Pollution (Cause and Effect) |
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Definition
| Mercury, cadmium, lead, and chromium causes damage to the environment. Causes waste and contamination problems for organisms in the environment and can cause long term damage to a region over time. |
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