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| the synthesis of an mRNA version of the instructions stored in DNA |
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| equence of DNA that is copied during the synthesis of mRNA. |
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| also known as coding strand, it is an exact match to the sequence of the mRNA, except that RNA has uracil and not thymine |
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| a primer to begin transcription |
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three distinct RNA polymerase:
-RNA polymerase I, II, and III |
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| Transcription begins with |
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| RNA polymerase begins at this section of DNA |
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| a DNA sequence that indicates where a genetic sequence can be read and decoded.. |
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| RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template and synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction |
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| are the coding regions of eukaryotic genes that will be part of the final mRNA product |
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| intervening noncoding sequences |
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| primary RNA transcript is |
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| The transcription of eukaryotic genes by RNA polymerase that contains exons and introns |
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| Primary RNA transcripts are processed |
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| by the addition of a 5' cap and poly(A)tail |
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| extends the life of an mRNA by protecting it from degradation |
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| serves as a recognition signal for translation machinery |
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| the sequence of bases in the mRNA is converted to an amino acid sequence in a protein |
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| catalyze the translation of the mRNA sequence into protein |
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| Transcription and translation are separated in |
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| mRNA's are synthesized in the |
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| mRNA's are transported to the |
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| cytoplasm for translation by ribosomes |
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| found to be a small RNA called transfer RNA(tRNA) |
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| is required to attach tRNA to an amino acid making it endergonic |
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| Binding site for amino acids is |
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| the CCA sequence at the 3' end of each tRNA |
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| the triplet on the loop at the opposite end that base pairs with mRNA codon. |
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| ribosomes contain protein |
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| hold the mRNA in place during translation |
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| the acceptor site for a new tRNA |
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| is where a peptide bonds forms that adds an amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain |
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| where tRNA's no longer bound to an amino acid exit the ribosomes |
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| begins at the AUG start codon |
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| the initiator tRNA is in the P site and the E and A sites are empty |
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| starts when the A site encounters a stop codon |
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| resemble tRNA's in size and shape but do not carry an amino acid |
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