Term
| What do diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis depend on? |
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Definition
- the solubility (dissolvability) of the moving particles from one solution to another
- the concentration of the solute in each solution
- the presense/absence of a barrier to the particle's movement
- the kinetic energy of the moving particles
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Term
| What are the 2 parts of a liquid solution? |
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Definition
| solvent (liquid component) and solute (dissolved component) |
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Term
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Definition
the energy of motion (-ing)
Ex: Heat energy: when temperature of environment is low, atoms and molecules slow down and vice versa. |
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Term
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Definition
the net movement of a solute from a solution with a high solute concentration to a solution of a low solute concentration.
It does not require any energy other than the kinetic energy of the solute particles (passive process) |
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Term
| What are plasma membranes? |
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Definition
Phospholipid bi-layers with proeteins and other complex molecules attached/embedded.
They are selectively permeable, b/c they allow some substances to pass through and some not, depending on size, charge, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane.
Terms used with osmosis include: hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic, tonicity. |
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Term
| Describe a hypertonic solution. |
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Definition
| A solution that generally has a greater osmotic pressure than an adjacent solution. |
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Term
| Describe a hypotonic solution. |
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Definition
| A solution that generally has a lesser osmotic pressure than the adjacent solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| When two solutions have the same osmotic pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used when descibing a solution 's relative solute concentration |
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Term
| How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion? |
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Definition
| Faster diffusion will take place if the surroundings are warmer. Increase in temperature means an increase in kinetic energy. So the molecules move faster and there will be more spontaneous spreading of the material which means that diffusion occurs quicker. |
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Term
How does concetration affect the rate of diffusion? |
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Definition
| diffusion will occur from areas of high concentration to low concentration. For instance, if the concentration of oxygen is greater outside a cell than inside, the oxygen will diffuse into the cell. |
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Term
| How does the molecular size affect the rate of diffusion? |
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Definition
| As molecular size increases, diffusion rate decreases. |
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