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| A molecule that resembles the structure of the catecholamine transmitters and enhances their activity. |
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| A synaptic transmitter that is produced in the raphe nuclei and is active in structures throughout the cerebral hemispheres. |
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| A molecule, usually a drug, that interferes with or prevents the action of a transmitter. |
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| An amino acid transmitter, the most common excitatory transmitter. |
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| A formal plot of a drug’s effects (on the y-axis) versus the dose given (on the x-axis). |
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| Any type of receptor having functional characteristics that distinguish it from other types of receptors for the same neurotransmitter. |
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| Collective name for all the factors that affect the movement of a drug into, through, and out of the body. |
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| Collective name for the factors that affect the relationship between a drug and its target receptors, such as affinity and efficacy. |
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| A receptor protein that includes an ion channel that is opened when the receptor is bound by an agonist. |
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| A receptor protein that does not contain an ion channel but may, when activated, use a G protein system to open a nearby ion channel. |
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| Also called simply affinity. The propensity of molecules of a drug (or other ligand) to bind to receptors. |
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| a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (-COOH) and an amino (-NH2) group. |
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| A class of monoamines that serve as neurotransmitters, including dopamine and norepinephrine. |
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| A string of nuclei in the midline of the midbrain and brainstem that contain most of the serotonergic neurons of the brain. |
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| Also called intrinsic activity. The extent to which a drug activates a response when it binds to a receptor. |
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| An endogenous substance that binds the cannabinoid receptor molecule. |
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| arising from outside the body |
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| Reuptake, or re-uptake, is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter of a pre-synaptic neuron after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse. |
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| A monoamine transmitter found in the midbrain—especially the substantia nigra—and basal forebrain. |
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| A class of monoamines that serve as neurotransmitters, including serotonin and melatonin. |
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| Literally, “black spot.” A group of pigmented neurons in the midbrain that provides dopaminergic projections to areas of the forebrain, especially the basal ganglia. |
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| A drug that, when bound to a receptor, has less effect than the endogenous ligand would. |
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| Also called addiction. The strong desire to self-administer a drug of abuse. |
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