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| Cell, tissue, organ, and organ system |
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| Hierarchical organization of animals |
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| Lack any true symmetry and tissues. |
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| Have definite symmetry and tissues. |
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| Jellyfish; drifting medusa whose mouth and tentacles hang down. |
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| Polyps with mouth and tentacles that project up. |
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| Solitary polyps that capture prey in their tentacles. |
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| Female ascaris (nematode) |
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| Can reach lengths of up to 40cm. |
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| Short with a hooked tail. |
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| Cells become oriented to the developing body plan of the organism. |
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| Body form in generated through the coordinated process of apoptosis and cell division and differentiation. |
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| Mitotic division of the large fertilized egg in the zygote into smaller and smaller cells (2,4,8,16...) |
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| The invagination of cells from one of the blastula into the blastocoel (central cavity) resulting in the development of the endoderm and the ectoderm. Later the mesoderm is formed. |
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| Eggs where the yolk is evenly distributed throughout. (echinoderms) |
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| Eggs where the yolk is concentrated on one side (amphibians). |
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| The portion of the egg where the most yolk is concentrated and appears less pigmented. |
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| The portion of the egg that contains less yolk and is darkly pigmented. |
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| Fluid filled cavity that separates the two poles. |
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| Structure that is attached to the uterus and connects the bloodstream of the fetus with that of the mother without truly mixing blood from the two sources. |
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| chorion, amnion, yolk sac and allantois. |
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| The four extraembryonic membranes that all eggs are composed of. |
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| Immature larvae look and function very differently from the adult form. (frogs) |
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| Larvae are very similar in appearance to the adult form. (grasshoppers, crickets) |
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| composed of calcium carbonate, serves for gas exchange, protects the egg |
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| Additional source of water and food for the embryo. |
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| Anchors the yolk in the albumen. |
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| Houses and protects the developing embryo. Absent in unfertilized eggs. |
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| Food source for the growing embryo. |
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| Collects waste produced by the embryo. |
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| Lines the inside of the egg, surrounding the embryo and the yolk. Connected to blood vessels of the developing embryo. Absent in unfertilized eggs. |
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| Contains the egg nucleus. Once fertilized |
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