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Bio Flash Cards
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19
Biology
9th Grade
11/21/2009

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Term
Monomer
Definition
small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers
Term
Polymer
Definition
large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
single sugar molecule
Term
Polysaccharide
Definition
large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides
Term
Lipid
Definition
macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Term
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Definition
single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
Term
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Definition
nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
Term
Protein
Definition
macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes
Term
Amino Acids
Definition
compound with an amino group (−NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (−COOH) on the other end
Term
Chemical Reaction
Definition
process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
Term
Reactant
Definition
element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction
Term
Product
Definition
element or compound produced by a chemical reaction
Term
Activation Energy
Definition
energy needed to get a reaction started
Term
Catalyst
Definition
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
Term
Enzyme
Definition
protein that acts as a biological catalyst
Term
Substrate
Definition
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
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