Term
| These are the primary cellular sites for the assembly of proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Structural features that influence the shapes of cells are: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Organelles used to move chromosomes are the: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which liberates the most energy in the form of ATP? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which process propels the food down the esophagus into the stomach? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following organs of the digestive system is different from the other four because it does NOT produce any secretions that aid in the digestive process? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The digestion of fat mostly occurs in the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Concerning the role of the pancreas in digestion: |
|
Definition
| no digestion occurs in the pancreas |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are tiny projections of the mucosal wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are absorbed by the lymphatic system? |
|
Definition
| Both monoglycerides and fatty acids |
|
|
Term
| Which organ takes glucose out of the blood and stores it as glycogen? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Prevents diarrhea and irritable colon syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following should be present in the human diet in the highest percentage? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| People who do not eat meat (vegetarians) must choose their food carefully to get the necessary |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Lipids can serve in all but which of the following capacities? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin functions in forming a blood clot? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The constituent of hemoglobin whose absence leads to anemia is: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Obese people have a greater risk of: |
|
Definition
| all of these (diabetes, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, death at all ages) |
|
|
Term
| The plasma protein associated with immunity is: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In humans, which cell does NOT have a nucleus when mature? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Retain the ability to divide and give rise to groups of cells |
|
|
Term
| Which blood type is the universal donor? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which blood type is the universal recipient? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Always travels away from the heart |
|
|
Term
| What occurs during systole? |
|
Definition
| The heart muscles contract |
|
|
Term
| The pulmonary circulation |
|
Definition
| Leads to, through and from the lungs |
|
|
Term
| In the human systemic circuit, blood will pass through all but which of the following? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| will contract as a result of stimuli from the sinoatrial node |
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|
Term
| Blood pressure is the highest in the: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| All but which of the following can be called a pathogen? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the following are white blood cells EXCEPT |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The markers that identify "self" are actually: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which immunoglobulin is able to pass the placenta to protect the fetus form pathogens? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| The primary immune response is faster and more complete than a secondary immune response |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| Allergies are a nuisance but are never dangerous or life threatening |
|
|
Term
| Sperm are produced in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Seminal fluid is produced by the: |
|
Definition
| all except the "urinary bladder." |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the site where sperm are stored? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| Because males do not have a follicle, the follicle-stimulating hormone has no function in males |
|
|
Term
| The passage way that channels ova from the ovary into the uterus is known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The following are correct during cellular respiration EXCEPT: |
|
Definition
EITHER:
-Most energy is produced during glycolysis
OR
-Most energy is produced by the Citric Acid Cycle |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of the human female? |
|
Definition
| She will produce more gametes than her male counterpart |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following hormones is exclusively female? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| FSH and LH are secreted by the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The menstrual flow is the result of |
|
Definition
| No implantation of a zygote, discarded uterine linings, and decreased levels of progesterone |
|
|
Term
| Menstrual flow results in the discharge of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At the end of gastrulation, which of the following are produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Select the correct sequence of animal developmental events |
|
Definition
| fertilization > cleavage > blastula > gastrula |
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|
Term
| The process of cleavage most commonly produces a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which embryonic tissue is incorrectly associated with its derivative |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscles differentiate from which tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which of the following do sets of cells become structurally and functionally unique and arranged into tissues and organs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fertilization in mammals occurs in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During a human pregnancy, implantation occurs at which stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During human development, which of the following gives rise to the embryo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In an ectopic pregnancy, implantation occurs |
|
Definition
| any of these (in the oviduct, on the outside of the uterus, on the abdominal wall, on the surface of the ovary) |
|
|
Term
| The fact that a blastocyst has been implanted in the uterine wall can be demonstrated by the presence of: |
|
Definition
| human chorionic gonadotropin |
|
|
Term
| In humans, the fluid immediately surrounding the embryo is contained in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the birth defect in which the neural tube fails to close completely |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following does NOT occur in the first trimester? |
|
Definition
| detection of movement of the fetus |
|
|
Term
| The soft, fuzzy hair covering the body of a fetus in the second trimester is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug, if taken during pregnancy, results in infants with arms or legs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exposure to which of the following would cause a newborn to experience improper nervous system development, chronic irritability, oxygen deprivation and long term emotional problems? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT true of aging cardiovascular systems? |
|
Definition
| Blood vessel walls become more elastic |
|
|
Term
| The chromosomes and genes are actually replicated during |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In eukaryotic cells, which can occur during meiosis |
|
Definition
| all of these (the duplication of chromatids, the replication of DNA, pairing of homologous chromosomes, fragmentation and disappearance of nuclear envelope and nucleolus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all of these are true: (alternate forms of genes are shuffled, parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes, the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid, offspring are provided with new gene combinations) |
|
|
Term
| Copies of chromosomes linked together at their centromeres at the beginning of meiosis are appropriately called what kind of chromatids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chiasmata provide evidence of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Under favorable conditions, during which phase of meiosis will the chromosomes appear as packets of four chromatids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crossing over is one of the most important events in meiosis because: |
|
Definition
| it produces new arrays of alleles on chromosomes |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following descriptions of Mendel is incorrect? |
|
Definition
| He was simply lucky to work out the laws of genetics |
|
|
Term
| If short hair (L) is dominant to long hair (l), animals LL and Ll have the same |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If all offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the parents of the crosses would most likely be: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a Punnett square, the letters within the little boxes represent: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 76. Susan, a mother with type B blood, has a child with type O blood. She claims that Craig, who has type A blood, is the father. He claims that he cannot possibly be the father. Further blood tests ordered by the judge reveal that Craig is AB. The judge rules that: |
|
Definition
| Craig is right and doesn't have to pay child support |
|
|
Term
| DNA coding regions that affect the same trait are called: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With respect to chromosomes, the difference between normal human males and females is defined by which of the following? |
|
Definition
| In males an X is replaced by a Y. |
|
|
Term
| A condensed female X chromosome is called a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used in prenatal diagnosis to detect chromosomal mutations and metabolic disorders in embroys |
|
|
Term
| The most recent technique for analyzing the genetics of the unborn child involves the sampling of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gene replacement therapy: |
|
Definition
| substitutes defective alleles with normal ones |
|
|
Term
| An autosomal recessive disorder |
|
Definition
| will appear only in children of parents who both carry the gene |
|
|
Term
| In which of the following does the onset of symptoms usually occur after child bearing age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Familial hypercholesterolemia is a condition explainable by: |
|
Definition
| autosomal dominance ( MAY BE DIFFERENT WORDING ON THE TEST) |
|
|
Term
| If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A human X-linked recessive gene may be: |
|
Definition
| both passed to daughters from their fathers and passed to sons from their mothers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found on the X chromosome |
|
|
Term
| Males tend to be affected in greater numbers by X-linked recessive genetic disorders than are females because |
|
Definition
| males have only one recessive gene for the disorder |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following conditions is characterized by a karyotype with 45 chromosomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating |
|
Definition
| sugar and phosphate molecules |
|
|
Term
| The first disease for which a successful vaccination was developed was: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All but which of the following are good barriers to invasion by microbes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| White blood cells are derived from stem cells in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Terms that describe the immune response include all of the following EXCEPT: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cells produce and secrete antibodies that set up bacterial invaders for subsequent destruction by macrophages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cells are held in reserve to be used for a rapid response to subsequent intruders of the same type? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cells directly destroy body cells infected by viral or fungal parasites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutant and cancerous cells are destroyed by which cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The three dimensional structure of antibodies are shaped like the letter: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT included in the lymphatic system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following acts as "filters" in the lymph system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organ transplants are safest between |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Passive immunity can be obtained by: |
|
Definition
| either receiving antibodies by injection or receiving antibodies from mother at birth |
|
|
Term
| The purpose of a vaccine is to: |
|
Definition
| Produce a mold case of the disease, stimulate the immune response, and cause memory cells to be formed |
|
|
Term
| When the body's defenses turn against its own cells, the disorder is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all of these (have altered plasma membranes, are unable to attach to other cells, divide to produce high densities of cells, and have a different metabolism, using glycolysis even when oxygen is available) |
|
|
Term
| Cancerous growths appear to grow faster than the tissues around them because |
|
Definition
| They do not stop dividing even when crowing occurs |
|
|
Term
| The spread of a cancer from one site to others in the body is known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A mutation in a tumor supressor gene would most likely: |
|
Definition
| increase the possibility of cancer |
|
|
Term
| The specific name given to a cancer-producing chemical is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For most people, the greatest radiation risk leading to cancer is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) primarily destroys which cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements is false? |
|
Definition
| Antibodies to the AIDS virus can be detected immediately after infection occurs |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following does not participate in the recognition of pathogens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Enzymes recognize their specific substrates based on: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Some environmental pollutants are called hormone disruptors because they |
|
Definition
| Bind to estrogen receptors |
|
|
Term
| The digestion of which class of foods begins in the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If purple is dominant in pea plants, a cross between P generation purple and white plants will result in: |
|
Definition
| all purple flowers in the F1 generation |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a test cross? (y means the allele's identity is unknown) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your parents are both heterozygous for sickle cell disease. What is the probability that you will have the disease |
|
Definition
| 25% regardless of the health of your 3 sibilings |
|
|
Term
| If your mother has cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you inheriting the disease are: |
|
Definition
| More information is needed to determine the odds |
|
|
Term
| Snapdragons have incomplete dominance of the red and white alleles. What will be the phenotypes and ratios of the F2 generation? |
|
Definition
| 25% red, 50% pink, 25% white |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT subject to polygenic inheritance? |
|
Definition
| flower color in snapdragons. |
|
|
Term
| Scientists believe that mitochondria may have evolved from ancient bacteria because |
|
Definition
| both have their own DNA and ribosomes |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is responsible for making the most amount of cellular energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receives proteins made in the rough ER and chemically modifies them |
|
|
Term
| Unsaturated tails of lipids |
|
Definition
| have kinks in them and lessen the interaction between adjacent fat |
|
|
Term
| The organelle that degrades potentially harmful drugs to harmless substances is the: |
|
Definition
|
|
