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| In an ecosystem, there are many types of organisms that interact with each other to make the ecosystem work. Which type of organism eats plants and other animals? |
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| In life's hierarchy of organization new properties emerge at each level. Which level represents the lowest level that life can exist? |
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| How can you tell the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? |
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Definition
| A eukaryotic cell has a membrane bound nucleus and organelles while a prokaryotic cell has a nucleoid region and no membrane bound nucleus |
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| The 3 domains of life are: |
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Definition
| Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archea |
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Definition
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| What is the characteristic of carbon that makes it so versatile for biological compounds? |
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Definition
| A carbon atom has 4 electrons in a shell that holds 8 |
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| Cells make polymers from monomers. A ______ reaction is used to make polymers while a ____ reaction is used to break polymers into monomers. |
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Definition
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| The building blocks of proteins |
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Definition
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| A storage carbohydrate found in plant cells |
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Definition
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| A storage carbohydrate found in animal cells |
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Definition
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| A simple carbohydrate made of one sugar |
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Definition
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Term
| A structural carbohydrate, the most abundant carbohydrate on earth |
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Definition
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Term
| These lipids are solid at room temperature |
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Definition
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Term
| These lipids are liquid at room temperature |
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Definition
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| The major component of cellular membranes |
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Definition
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| Building blocks of proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Proteins that catalyze reactions in the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another? |
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Definition
| Different side chains (R groups) attached to the alpha carbon |
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Term
| What is a proteins secondary structure? |
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Definition
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| What base is found in DNA but not RNA? |
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Definition
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| The plasma membrane is sometimes called a fluid mosaic. What are the two main components of the plasma membranes mosaic? |
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Definition
| Phospholipids and proteins |
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Term
| What is the significance of the double bonds found in the fatty acid tails of phospholipids in the cellular membrane? |
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Definition
| The double bonds create kinks in the fatty acids, which helps keep the membrane more fluid. |
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Term
| Which organelle is considered the cell's power company? This is where most of cellular respiration occurs. |
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Term
| Diffusion is an example of what type of transport? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pinocytosis is defined as cellular ____. |
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Definition
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| The only way to move a solute against its concentration gradient is by ________. |
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Definition
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| Kinetic energy is defined as |
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Definition
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| A reaction that releases heat is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which steps of glycolysis represent the energy investment phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cellular respiration occurs in 3 steps. In which step is most of the ATP produced? |
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Definition
| Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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Term
| What is the maximum number of ATP we can get from one molecule of glucose? |
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Definition
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| If no oxygen is present, fermentation will follow glycolysis. What is the byproduct of fermentation prodced in animal cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| A diffuse collection of DNA and protein |
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Definition
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| A condensed form of DNA and protein |
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Definition
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| The spot where sister chromatids are connected |
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Definition
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| Two copies of a chromosome connected at the center |
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| What is the longest phase of the cell cycle? |
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Definition
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| In which subphase of interphase is the DNA duplicated? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which subphase of mitosis is the mitotic spindle complete and the chromosomes line up at the center? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which subphase of mitosis are the daughter chromosomes moved to the opposite poles of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is important for cell cycle regulation? |
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Definition
| Growth factors, Anchorage, Cell Density |
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Term
| What happens when there is a disruption in the cell cycle? |
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Definition
| Cancer can result from uncontrolled, rapid cell growth |
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Term
| What does metastasis mean? |
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Definition
| Cancer cells that spread to other parts of the body via blood or lymph |
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Term
| At what point in meiosis do the cells become haploid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What factors contribute to an increase in genetic variability in sexually reproducing organisms? |
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Definition
Homologous Chromosomes carrying different alleles of genes
Random fertilization
Crossing over
Independent orientation of chromosomes in Meiosis |
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Term
| When does crossing over occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is scientific theory? |
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Definition
| An idea that has been thoroughly tested and is supported by a significant amount of scientific data |
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Term
| With which type of microscope can one see intimate detail of the outside of the organism? |
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Definition
| A scanning electron microscope |
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