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bio exam 2
animal
22
Biology
Undergraduate 1
03/24/2008

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Term
endospore
Definition
inner wall created in bad conditions
- outside cell dies
Term
thermophiles
Definition
archae; extremophile - extremely hot conditions
Term
halophiles
Definition
extremophiles; extremely salty conditions
Term
methanogens
Definition
strict anaerobes; swamp gas
Term
diatoms
Definition
eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms responsible for 1/2 ocean's primary productivity
Term
euglena
Definition
heterotrophic/photosynthetic deending on what's available
Term
2 purposes of cytoskeleton
Definition
1. alllow cells to change shape - important because efficient predators
2. allows for movememt
Term
what is an animals
Definition
1. most animals digest food after ignesting
2. specialized cells org into tissues, muscles, nerve
3. sexual reproduction and 2n stage dominates life cycle
4. most fertilization occurs w/ sperm and large non-motile egg
5. similar stages of development after fertilization
6. at least 1 larval stage
Term
blastula
Definition
hollow ball of cells
Term
gastrula
Definition
after blastula invaginates
Term
gastrulation
Definition
action of folding in on oneself
- gives rise to endoderm and ectoderm
Term
blastospore
Definition
opening in gastrula
Term
archenteron
Definition
pouch - eventually become intestinal tract
Term
2 symmetry ? in body plan
Definition
radial - top and bottom but no left or right
bilateral - top and bottom, left right
Term
eumatazoa
Definition
animal with tissues
Term
ectoderm
Definition
germ layer; outer covering of animal
Term
endoderm
Definition
lines digestive tube or archenteron
Term
diploblastic
Definition
animals / 2 germ layers
ex) cnidarians (jellies and corals)
Term
triploblastic
Definition
animals w/ all 3 germ layers
- include all bilaterally symmeterical animals
Term
spiral cleavage
Definition
cell division lines don't line up w/ each other
- cell fate determined quickly
Term
radial/indeterminate cleavage
Definition
cell fate not determined
Term
mesohyl
Definition
wall consists 2
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