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+Bio - Evolution
Evolution Test
19
Biology
10th Grade
11/12/2013

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Term
4 Theories of Evolution
Definition
1. Divine origins
2. Extraterrestrial beginnings
3. Primordial Soup
4. Bubble Theory
Term
Spontaneous Generation
Definition
Hypothesis stating that life could arise from nonliving matter (disproven)
Term
Who tested Redi's work?
Definition
Spallanzani & Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation
Term
What is primordial soup?
Definition
Thought that life came about by natural processes. This theory says that Earth's ancient oceans were different molecules and the atmosphere contained nitrogen, methane, and ammonia, but no oxygen. Chemical reactions were caused by energy from the Sun, volcanoes, and lightning, and amino acids, lipids, and other organic molecules found in living cells were formed this way.
Term
What is biogenesis?
Definition
New organisms come from existing organisms.
Term
How do the 4 theories go against biogenesis?
Definition
They all state Earth was caused by an outside source like a chemical reaction
Term
What is a mold?
Definition
"Trace fossils", not the organisms themselves, but is evidence the organism has been there
Term
What is a cast?
Definition
3D trace of organism, protrudes out of surface of rock
Term
What is an imprint?
Definition
Not indented or depressed into its surface, do no protrude surface, thin layer of carbon
Term
What is a body part?
Definition
Actual hard art of an organism
Term
Gradualism vs. Punctuated Equilibrium?
Definition
Gradualism - happens "slowly"
Punctuated Equilibrium - happens "fast"
Term
What is divergent evolution?
Definition
Begins with common ancestor
Leads to homologous structures (same structure; diff. function)
Term
What is convergent evolution?
Definition
Organism in similar type of environment, but from different ancestors
Term
What is parallel evolution?
Definition
A form of convergent evolution
Ex.:Australia & New Zealand Kangaroos (marsupials) vs. Everywhere else
Term
What is co-evolution?
Definition
Two species evolve together
Ex.: flowers & pollination, newt & snake
Term
What is Lamarck's theory?
Definition
Use & disuse of organs, inheritance of acquired traits
Term
What is Darwin's theory?
Definition
Natural Selection - overproduction, struggle for existence, variations, survival of the fittest, inheritance of variations
Term
What is speciation?
Definition
The form of new species
Term
What is a gene pool?
Definition
All the genes of the population
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