Funfi are included in the clade......

a. alveolates

b. amebozoa

c. heterokonts

d. molds

e. opisthokonts

Conida are common asexual spores in

a. ascomycota and basidiomycota

b.glomeromycota and zygomycota

c. chitridiomycota and basidiomycota

d. asomycota and deuteromycota

e. zygomycota and basidiomycota

The oldest terrestrial fungal phylum is

a. chitridiomycota

b. zygomycota

c. ascomycota

d. basidimycota

e. deuteromycota

what is a unicellular fungus

a. a mold

b. blight

c. any ascomycota

d. yeast

e. any deuteromycota

Edible morels are members of

a. chitridiomycota

b. zygomycota

c. ascomycota

d. basidomycota

e. deuteromycota

edible mushrooms that we commonly buy in supermarket belong to

a. chitridiomycota

b. zygomycota

c. ascomycota

d. basidiomycota

e. deuteromycota

powdery mildew is caused by members of

a. chitridiomycota

b. zygomycota

c. ascomycota

d. basidiomycota

e. deuteromycota

The picture of the "Turkey-tail" in your book is a

a. fruiting body of a chitridiomycota

b. sporangium of a zygomycota

c. spore of an asomycota

d. fruiting body of a basidimycota

e. mycelium of deuteromycota

dikaryotic stage is absent in ....

a. glomeromycota

b. zygomycota

c. ascomycota

d. basidiomycota

e. A and B

Which statement is correct about fungi

a. mostly eukaryotic and mostly pathogenic

b. solely eukaryotic and mostly parasitic

c. autotrophic, prokaryotic, decomposers

d. heterotrophic, eukaryotic, mostly saprobic

e. all parasitic, eukaryotic, heterotrophs

which statement is the best describes a dikaryotic stage? presence of ...... in the mycelium during....

a. two doploid cells, asexual reproduction

b. two haploid cells, sexual reproduction

c. two haploid nuclei within a given cell, asexual reproduction

d. two diploid cells within a given cell, asexual reproduction

e. two haploid nuclei within a given cell, sexual reproduction

new fungal phylym, Glomeromycota that you learned in class includes.... fungi

a. parasitic

b. edible

c. medicinal

d. mycorrhizal

e. brightly colorful

Zygospore is

a. a diploid spore

b. a haploid spore

c. an asexual spore

d. produce in aerial sporangia

e. a conidial spore

Soredia are.... of/in/on ....

a. Sori of fungi, linchens

b. reproductive structures, fungi

c. spores, conidiophores

d. reproductive structures, lichen

e. reproductive structures, ferns

In alternation of generations of plants, the ... gametophyte produces .... by .... while...... sporophyte produces.... by ......

a. diploid, gametes, meiosis, haploid, spores, mitosis

b. haploid, gametes, meiosis, diploid, spores, mitosis

c. haploid, gametes, mitosis, diploid, meiosis

d. diploid, gametes, meiosis, haploid, spores, meiosis as well

e. haploid gametes, mitosis, haploid, spores, mitosis as well

cuticle is.... that ....

a. a one-cell-thick tissue, houses guard cells

b. not a cell layer but a nonliving deposit, prevents water loss

c. transparent cell alyer, protects the plant from herbivores.

d. a hydrophobic coating, is an adaption to prevent water absorption to leaf

e. a one-cell-thich tissue, has chloroplasts in some cells.

which group of land plants is the evolutionarily oldest

a. bryophytes

b. nonvascular seed plants

c. ferns

d. a and b

e. b and c

In plants, what co-evolved with vascular tissue?

a. cuticle

b. seed

c. dominant sporophyte

d. stomata

e. all of the answers are correct

in the phylum, Bryophyta, the gametophyte is ...., but the sporophyte is .....,

a. nutritionally dependent on sporophyte, photosynthetic

b. haploid, diploid

c. nutritionally independent, nutritionally dependent on gametophyte

d. a and b

e. b and c

what is a rhizome? a

a. cluster of sporangia

b. type of a root

c. rizhoid

d. type of an underground stem

e. type of a symbiosis

select the substance that is most unlikely to move both in and out of stomata of a healthy plant?

a. water vapor

b. co2

c. o2

d. a and b

e. b and c

what is correct about lignin?

a. provides strength in all plant taxa

b. a substance that aids in pollination in flowering plants

c. a type of resin in coniferous trees

d. embedded in cell walls in vascular plants

e. provides strength in mosses

in a dioecious plant, .... and ... structures are found in .... plant(s)

a. male, female, same

b. water, food conducting, same

c.. gametophytic, sporophytic, same

d. gametophytic, sporophytic, different

e. male, female, different

A plant that grows on another plant without parasitizing the latter is a/an

a. dodder

b. gametophyte

c. chloraphyte

d. plankton

e. epiphyte

what is missing in the fern's life cycle?

a. haploid gametophyte nutritionally dependent on diploid sporophyte

b. rhizoids

c. roots

d. a and b

e. a and c

botanically speaking, a fruit is absent in

a. corn

b. ginkophyta

c. monocots

d. anthophyta

e. beans

fertilized ovule becomes the

a. female gametophyte, ferns

b. seed, mosses

c. female sporophyte, both mosses and ferns

d. male sporaphyte, gymnosperms

e. seed, gymnosperms and angiosperms

Herbaceous plants are absent in...

a. monocots

b. coniferophyta

c. dicots

d. anthophyta

e. none of the above

in double fertilization, .... fuses with .... to produce.....

a. one polar nucleus, an egg, the embryo

b. egg, one sperm nucleus, endosperm

c. two polar nuclei, a sperm nucleus, endosperm

d. a sperm nucleus, egg, endosperm

e. a polar nucleus, another polar nucleus, embryo

many members of the phylum, .... produce ... which is a sticky material that protect the plant/ tree from insect and fungal attacks

a. coniferophyta, resin

b. anthophyta, nectar

c. gymnosperm, resin

d. ginkophyta, phloem

e. angiosperm, resin

what does pheromnones effect/ cause in a terrestrial fungal species?

a. meiosis

b. mitosis

c. fusion of egg and sperm

d. fusion pf hyphae

e. fusion of spores

the fungi with no known sexual reproduction are found in

a. chitridiomycota and zygomycota

b. zygomycota and ascomycota

c. glomeromycota and ascomycota

d. ascomycota and deuteromycota

e. glomeromycota and deuteromycota

what is correct about mycelium

a. nearly always diploid

b. nearly always dikaryotic

c. all fungal spp. have it

d. one whole mycelium can be one cell in some spp.

e. mushrooms have no mycelium

what is correct about common bread mold? they are... with ....

a. chitridiomycota, no cell walls

b. ascomycota, no septa

c. ascomycota, edible mushrooms

d. zycomycota, with no septa

e. reproductive structures, ferns

in mycorrhiza, the ... supplies nutrients and water to the ...., while the ..... supplies... to the...

a. plant, fungus, comples food material, plant

b. fungus, alga, alga, comples food material, fungus

c. fungus, plant, plant, comples food material, fungus

d. algo, fungus, fungus complex food material, algo

e. plant, liche, lichen, comples food materials, plant

funtions of arbuscule is/are

a. food storage

b. decomposition

c. absorption from soil solution

d. exchange

e. protection

in corn, what we eat is mainly the....

a. cotyledons

b. embryo

c. gametophyte

d. endosperm

e. placenta

in the fern life cycle that we stedied in class, the prothallus was a .....

a. monecious vascular plant, nutionally dependent on

b. dioecious nonvascular plant, nutritionally independent of

c. monecious nonvascular plant, nutritionally dependent on

d. dioecious vascular plant, nutritionally independent of

e. monecious nonvascular plant, nutrionally independent of.

The largest gymnosperm phylum, .... generally has....,... plants/tree

a. cycadophyta, monecious, woody

b. coniferophyta, dioecious, woody

c. ginkgophyta, dioecious, woody

d. coniferophyta, monecious, woody

e. gnetophyta, dioecious, herbceous

what is correct about the megaspore of anthophytes

a. produces a nutritionally independent female gametophyte

b. goes thu mitosis three times to produce a nutritionally non-independent male gametophyte

c. goes thru mitosis to become the seed

d. is part of the ovule

e. goes through mitosis three times to produce a nutritionally non-independent female gametophyte

d. is part of the ovule

e. goes through mitosis three times to produce a nutritionally non-independent female gametophyte

what is protonema?

a. cover of capsule in bryophytes

b. fern spore

c. fern gametophyte

d. filamentous gametophytic growth from moss spores

e. mature gametophyte of mosses.

which groups make a clade?

a, club mosses, whisk ferns and horsetails

b. whisk fern, horsetails and bryophytes

c. ferns, horsetails and whisk fern

d. club mosses, ferns and horsetails

e. ferns, whisk ferns and bryophytes