Term
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Definition
super order- meaning ancient jawed
male parental care. |
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Term
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Definition
| forest ground dwellers, fly- pennaceous feathers |
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Term
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Definition
| grassland dwellers, omnivorous but eat mostly grasses, three toes |
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Term
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Definition
| EX. Ostrich, shrub and grassland dwellers, 2 toes, cloaca (but separate feces and urine.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Australia, new guinea, casques- horned crest, 3 toes, iridescense. |
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Term
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Definition
| great sense of smell, nocturnal, Australia. |
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Term
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Definition
| super order- meaning new jawed |
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Term
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Definition
| ex. domestic chicken came from Red junglefowl, land dwellers, spurs, strong muscular gizzards, lek behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| aquatic, ducks, geese, and swans, webbed feet (three front toes), dichromatism, ridged tomia, have a falas- penis like organ, Natal dispersal, strongly associated with people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Penguins, flightless, generally southern hemisphere, thick blubber layers, found in arctic, 17ish species. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loons, divers, northern hemisphere, territorial, monochromatic, pair for life, long lived. |
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Term
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Definition
| albatross, tube nosed, long lived, sea birds, some webbing. |
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Term
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Definition
| grebes, Brua, lobed toes (look like honey locust capsules), floating nests, synchronized hatching by communication, swallow molted feathers to protect gut from fish bones, carry young on back. |
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Term
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Definition
| flamingos, big, build mud nests, webbed feet, have lamallae (filter feeders), sympatric, nomadism (unpredicted movement), young feed on milky white substance from parent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Storks, herrons, cosmopolitan distribution, aquatic but nest on land, have powder down feathers (disintegrate to wax and waterproof feathers), lack a voice producing syrinx (generally clap bills) |
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Term
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Definition
| long bills, Frigate bird- kleptoparasitism- steal stuff, Totipalmate feet- webbing across all 4 toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| raptors- diurnal birds of prey, aggressive, arboreal, great eye sight- 2 focusing fovae in each eye- more photoreceptors- great clarity of vision, highest copulatory frequency, ceres on bill, reverse size dimorphism (females larger) |
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Term
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Definition
| rails, cranes, cosmopolitan dist., no crop, marsh dwelling, most no webbing or slightly webbed, long toes, long bills, secretive, polyandry. |
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Term
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Definition
| puffin, woodcock, very specious group, sea and fresh water, very diverse. |
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Term
Sub-Order of Charadriformes
Charadrii |
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Definition
| Shore birds (sand pipers), waders, some no Hallux, small to medium size, long distance migrations, most specious sub order, small thin bills, less webbing, over 177 species worldwide, conservation concerns due to loss of habitat. |
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Term
Sub-Order of Charadriformes
Lari |
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Definition
| Gull, Skimmer, open (sea) water, thick legs, salt excreting gland, long wings, shorter legs, webbed feet. |
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Term
Sub-Order of Charadriformes
Alcae |
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Definition
| Auk, Puffin, diving birds, webbed feet, dense plummage, flightlessness occurs in this sub order. |
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Term
Sub-Order of Charadriformes
Pterocli |
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Definition
| sand grouse, desert occupying, kids drink water from plummage of adults that flew to get it, pigeon sized, short stocky birds/legs, fast at short distances. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dodo, tooth billed pigeon, Have a cere, plump birds, irridescence on neck of most, morning dove- most heavily persued vert. in America, very fast over short dist., can create milky like substance for kids, can gulp water below plane of body(unusual). |
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Term
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Definition
| Parrots, Kea, lorikeet, pantropical distr., zygodactal feet(digit 4 back not 2), ceres, powerful beaks, highly social, high intelligence, arboreal, climbing(use beak and #4 digit), threatened species in order(habitat degredation, illegal capture, and sales), seed eaters, geophagy(eat earth(clay) which lines stomach allowing them to eat poisonous seeds) |
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Term
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Definition
| means one with long hair, Hoatzin, neotropical, arboreal, has claws on wing digits as a nestling, eats leaves, shortened sternum, larger crop-ferment leaves |
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Term
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Definition
| Turaco, long tail for manuvering, digit 4 can be flexed in reverse direction, serrate tomia, ethiopia. |
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Term
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Definition
| cuckoos, roadrunners, cosmopolitan, arboreal, long tail, zygodactal feet, colorful eyering, obligatory brood parasitism occurs-lay eggs in nests of other species(cuckoos only), young push host eggs out or kill them with decurved beak once born. |
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Term
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Definition
| Owls, reverse size dimorphism, reversible 4th digit, doesn't build own nest, large heads and eyes, soft plummage to eliminate sound, Nocturnal. |
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Term
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Definition
| aka goat suckers due to large mouths, Night Hawks, long rictal bristles, small feet, cosmopolitan, nocturnal, proportionally large head(for large mouth and eyes), small beaks. |
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Term
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Definition
| swifts(cosmopolitan), reduced feet(primarily airial), long primaries, hummingbirds(Americas)-long bills for sipping nector, hover and fly backwards with figure 8 flapping, bigger pectoralis and sternum, 8 pairs of ribs instead of 6, higher body temp and can go hypothermic at night, small volume means heat quickly, must eat all day(can bypass stomach), 100 mph hori. flight, highly territorial. |
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Term
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Definition
| mousebirds or colies, restricted to africa, arboreal, flexible digits, have a crown, roost together for warmth, eat fruits berries and some insects. |
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Term
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Definition
| heterodactal feet(hallux and digit 2 back), arboreal, upright posture like raptors, large eyes, serrated tomia for fruit eating, eat insects, pantropical(not in Australia) |
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Term
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Definition
| Kingfisher, syndactal feet, long big bills, big heads, elaborate spatulate tails, cosmopolitan, arboreal, eat fish, dive into water head first, cooperative breeding, monogamous but have helpers. |
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Term
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Definition
| cosmopolitan, arboreal, woodpeckers, Toucans, dense large bills(except toucan- light bill), zygodactal feet, primary excavators, make their own holes/cavities, stiff tails, long tongue(anchored ontop of Skull), sticky bars on tongue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most specious order, very diverse, cosmopolitan, small birds, song birds, enlarged hallux, use crushed ants across plummage, complex vocalizations |
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Term
Sub-Order of Passeriformes
Tyrammi or suboscines |
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Definition
| Flycatchers, not as complex vocalizations, genetically made to sing their songs. |
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Term
Sub-Order of Passeriformes
Passeres or oscines |
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Definition
| much more complex vocalizations, social, very diverse, have to learn their songs. |
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Term
| Family Corvidae Under Oscines(more complex songs) |
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Definition
| Crow family, very intelligent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Jays, crows, ravens(largest song bird), analytical problem solving, cooperative breeding, Woolfeden-biologist studied scrub jays(habitat harshness leads to co-op breeding). |
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Term
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Definition
| mocking birds, big berry eating group. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| grosbeak, weaver, build safisticated nests in safisticated ways. |
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