Term
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Definition
Caryophyllaceae- The pink/carnation family
Ca 5 (4) Co 5 (4) A 5-10 (1-4) G 2-5
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capsule
*Leaves opposite, often basally connate
*Nodes swollen
*Petals distinct, clawed, and often notched
*Style branches = # of carpels
*Placentation free-central |
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Term
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Definition
Polygonaceae
P 3+3 or (5) A 3+3 G 3(circled)
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3-sided achene or nutlet
*Herbs, shrubs, lianas or trees
*Simple, spiral leaves, stipulate or exstipulate
*Swollen stem nodes with sheathing connate stipules (ocrea)
*Inflorescence of small, actinomorphic, fascicles
*Contains red pigments (anthocyanins) |
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Term
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Definition
Ericaceae
Ca 4-5 Co 4-5 A 8-10 G 2-10 A=2x # Co
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Capsule, berry, drupe G
*Evergreen shrubs or shrubby trees
*Leaves, alternate, thick and leathery
*Corolla is connate & urceolate (urn-shaped) or campanulate (bell shaped)
*Stamens arise from nectariferous disk
*Anthers dehiscing by terminal pores |
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Term
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Definition
Boraginaceae- Borage Family
Ca 5 Co 5 A 5 G 2
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Schizocarp of nutlets
*Leaves alternate with rounded stems
*Bristly herbs (hispid-hirsute vestiture)
*Inflorescence of coiled cymes
*Corolla 5-merous, actinomorphic
*Ovary 4-lobed with gynobasic style (usually) |
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Term
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Definition
Acanthaceae- The Acanthus Family
Ca 4-5 Co 4-5 A 2 or 2+2 G 2
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capsule (explosively dehiscent)
*Leaves opposite (often decussate)
*Nodes often swollen
*Inflorescence often with showy bracts
*Corolla zygomorphic, often bilabiate
*Fruit an explosively dehiscent capsule |
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Term
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Definition
Violaceae
Ca 5 Co 5 A 5 G(circled) 3
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Capsule or berry
*Herbs & mostly shrubs, trees & lianas in the tropics
*Leaves have stipules
*Corolla typically zygomorphic with nectar spur
*Connivent stamens (lie around pistil but not fused)
*Parietal placentation |
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Term
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Definition
Amaranthaceae
P 4-5 A 5 G 2-3
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Achene, utricle, or capsule
*Papery bracts, sometimes colored
*Inflorescence dense
*Flowers inconspicuous, minute, apetalous
*Anthers = 5 distinct, filaments fused or basally connate (monadelphous stamens)
*Stems may have red or purple pigments |
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Term
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Definition
Chenopodiaceae
P 4-5 A 5 G 2-3 (circled)
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Utrilce
*Small greenish, congested flowers
*Flowers apetalous
*Uniseriate perianth of 5 tepals
*Five distinct stamens |
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Term
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Definition
Lamiaceae
Ca 5 Co 5 A 2 or 4 G 2(circled)
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Schizocarp, nutlets, drupe
*Herbs, shrubs, trees
*Stem square
*Leaves opposite (whorled)
*Aromatic oils
*Corolla bilabiate
*Ovary 4-lobed with gynobasic style
*Flowers in verticils or axillary heads |
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Term
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Definition
Ca 5 Co 5 A 4 G 2
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Schizocarp, nutlets, or drupe
*Herbs, shrubs
*Leaves, simple, opposite, decussate, sometimes whorled
*Stem sometimes square
*Inflorescence of dense spikes or corymbs
(flowers often sessile)
*Corolla tubular with slightly zygomorphic limb
*Stamens didynamous and epipetalous
*Terminal style on 4-lobed ovary |
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Term
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Definition
Ca 5 Co 5 A 5 G 2 (3-8)
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2 follicles or 2 capsules
*Leaves opposite or whorled
*Exudes milky juice
*Corolla asymmetric, overlapping
*Pistils = 2; distinct at base, connate at stigma
*Follicles = 2; form a “V” |
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Term
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Definition
Ascplepiadaceae
Ca 5 Co 5 A 5 G 2 derived from
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Schizocarp of follicles
*Exudes milky sap
*Flowers 5-merous with corona
*Pollen fused into pollinia
*Stamens fused to each other and adnate to stigma forming a gynostegium
*Carpels distinct at base |
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Term
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Definition
Apiaceae- carrot family
Ca 5 or 0 Co 5 A 5
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schizocarp of mericarps G2(circled)
*Leaves compound, often highly dissected
*Petioles sheathing
*Stems hollow at internodes
*Inflorescence typically a compound umbel, sometimes a simple umbel, rarely a head
*Ovary inferior, often with stylopodium
*Placentation apical-axile |
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Term
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Definition
Brassicaceae
Ca 4 Co 4 A 4+2 G 2(circled)
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Silique or silicle
*Herbs, shrubs
*Leaves: Alternate, may have basal rosettes
*Perianth 4-merous, “cruciate”
*Stamens tetradynamous (4 + 2)
*Inflorescence = raceme (indeterminate)
*Fruit = silique or silicle |
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Term
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Definition
Hamamelidaceae
Ca 4-5 Co 4-5 A 2-8
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woody capsule
*Woody trees & shrubs
*Alternate, simple leaves
*Bicarpellate, half-inferior ovary
*Woody capsule may be beaked, in head
*Petals appear to be borne on calyx
*Staminodes may be present |
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