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bio 315 lec 20
invasive species and disease
12
Biology
Undergraduate 3
04/17/2009

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Term
what is an invasive species?
Definition
non native species introduced into habitat outside their native range, become established and prolific
Term
what are some of the consequences of invasive species?
Definition
loss of native species diversity, ecosystem disruption, environmental damage
Term
what are the direct and indirect impacts of zebra mussel invasion?
Definition
direct- filter feeders so increased water clarity, kill native clams, block pipes

indirect- botulism in birds, increased water clarity means increased aquatic plants, good for some species and bad for others
Term
what is the connection between zebra mussels and botulism in birds? what is the cycle of transmission from mussel to bird?
Definition
mussels filter feed and accumulate botulism toxin, round goby eats mussel and gets toxin, bird eats fish and gets toxin and dies
Term
what are some obstacles that invasive species must overcome?
Definition
travel to new region,native predators, competition from natives
Term
why do invaders often outcompete native species?
Definition
release from their native predators so nothing to kill them off
Term
what is the enemy release hypothesis? the ecological resistance hypothesis? which of these supports the notion that invaders often outcompete native species?
Definition
enemy release- release from native predators

ecological resistance- competition with native species, predators kill them off
Term
what are some reasons that invaders can escape their native parasites?
Definition
ill hosts do not survive journey, vector parasites will not survive if vectors not present in new range, complex life cycle parasites might not be able to complete their cycles in new range
Term
why does the enemy release hypothesis only apply in the short term?
Definition
Term
how did an invasive mosquito affect the abundance and current geographic range of birds in hawaii?
Definition
mosquito killed off birds. birds forced to relocate to areas that the mosquito cannot survive
Term
what are the similarities between invasive species and disease emergence? how is invasion effort similar to force of infection
Definition
invasion effort for invaders = force of infection for pathogens

invasion effort- number of times an invasion was attempted and the number of individuals in each invasion incident

force of infecion- # infectious individuals and likelihood of successful transmission event(beta). beta depends on dose/inoculum size
Term
how does globalization impact the spread of invasive species and disease?
Definition
more shipping routes can bring invasive species to new regions
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