Term
| What characteristics are responsible for the branching off of the arthropods from earlier animals? |
|
Definition
| Eucoelomates with a hard segmented body |
|
|
Term
| What level of organ system do organisms in Arthropoda demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many tissue layers do Arthropoda have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What characteristics do all arthropods have in common? |
|
Definition
Hard exoskeleton called a cuticle
jointed appendages |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 recognized subphyla in phylum Arthropoda? |
|
Definition
Trilobita
Checlicerata
Crustaea
Myriapoda
Hexapoda |
|
|
Term
| What phylum does Trilobita belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Trilobita have in common with other Arthropods? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Trilobita differ from other arthropods? |
|
Definition
| Segmented without specialization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
All are extinct
Permian era, 250 million years ago |
|
|
Term
| How many pairs of appendages do Cheliceriformes have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the six pairs of appendages in Cheliceriformes divided up? |
|
Definition
1 pair Chelicerae
1 pair Pedipalps
4 pairs Walking Legs |
|
|
Term
| How is the Chelicerae body divided up? |
|
Definition
Into one or two body regions:
cephalothorax
abdomen |
|
|
Term
| Do Chelicerae have mandibles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Chelicerae have antennae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Domain, Supergroup, Clade and Kingdom Do Arthropoda belong to? |
|
Definition
Eukarya
Unikonta
Opisthokonts
Animalia |
|
|
Term
| What Phylum do Cheliceriformes belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Cheliceriformes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Trilobata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Trilobata have in common with other arthropods? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Trilobata differ from other segmented animals? |
|
Definition
| Segmented without specialization |
|
|
Term
| Where are Trilobata found today? |
|
Definition
They're extinct
Permian era, 250 million years ago |
|
|
Term
| What phylum does subphylum Cheliceriformes belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for subphylum Cheliceriformes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the six pairs of appendages in Cheliceriformes divided up? |
|
Definition
1 pair chelicerae
1 pair pedipalps
4 pairs walking legs |
|
|
Term
| Do Cheliceriformes have a mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Cheliceriformes have an antennae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Subphylum does class Eurypterids belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for class Eurypterids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is there no example of class Eurypterids in lab? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are Eurypterids found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What subphylum does class Merostomata belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name of class Merostomata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the appendages of Merostomata different from other classes in subphylum Cheliceriformes? |
|
Definition
| The second pair is not modified into pedipalps |
|
|
Term
| Where are Merostomata found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the Horseshoe crab larvae look simmilar to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What subphylum does class Pycnogonida belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for class Pycnogonida? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Pycnogonida appendages differe from others in subphylum Cheliceriformes? |
|
Definition
| They may have extra legs due to having duplicated segments |
|
|
Term
| Where are Pycnogonida found? |
|
Definition
| Shallow coastal waters and polar oceans |
|
|
Term
| What subphylum does class Arachnida belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of class Arachnida? |
|
Definition
Spiders
Scorpions
Ticks
Mites |
|
|
Term
| How are the chelicerae modified in spiders? |
|
Definition
| they're used as fangs to inject poison |
|
|
Term
| What is modified in spiders and used as fangs to inject poison? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are pedipalps modified in scorpions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is modified into pinchers in scorpions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum is subphylum Crustacea in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for phylum Chrustacea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the appendages in Crustacea modified? |
|
Definition
| Each appendage is biramous, meaning they have 2 main branches |
|
|
Term
| How are the bodies of Crustacea divided? |
|
Definition
They have 2 or 3 body regions.
2 - Cephalothorax and abdomen
3 - head, thorax, abdomen |
|
|
Term
| Do Crustacea have a mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Crustacea have antennae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Group Isopoda are found where? |
|
Definition
| Terrestrial, freshwater, and saltwater habitats |
|
|
Term
| Group Decapoda are found where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Group Copepoda are found where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Group Cirripedia are found where |
|
Definition
| Exclusively marine, in shallow areas and tidal waves |
|
|
Term
| What phylum does subphylum Myriapoda belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the appendages modified in Myriapoda? |
|
Definition
| uniramous - they have one main branch |
|
|
Term
| Do Myriapoda have a mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many antennae do Myriapoda have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Subphylum does class Chilopoda belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What subphylum does class Diplopoda belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for class Chilopoda? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for the class Diplopoda? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many legs per segment do Chilopoda have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| They are predators and have poison claws. |
|
|
Term
| How many legs per segment do Diplopoda have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does subphylum Hexapoda belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the appendages of Hexapoda modified? |
|
Definition
| 6 appendages are all attached to the thorax |
|
|
Term
| How are Hexapoda bodies divided? |
|
Definition
Into 3 parts
Head, thorax, abdomen |
|
|
Term
| Do Hexapoda have a mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many antennae do Hexapoda have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organism's evolution have Hexapoda affected? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What subphylum does class Insecta belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level of organization do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many tissue layers do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of digestive system do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
| Alimentary Canal with extra and intracellular digestion |
|
|
Term
| What type of excretory system do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
Excretory glands
Malphigian tubules in some |
|
|
Term
| What type of circulatory system do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
| Open system with dorsal contractile heart |
|
|
Term
| What type of respiratory system do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
| body surfaces, skin, trachaea, or book lungs |
|
|
Term
| What type of nervous system do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
| Dorsal ganglia connected by nerve ring |
|
|
Term
| What type of body cavity do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of asexual reproduction do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of Sexual reproduction do Arthropods have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 5 classes belong in the phylum Echinodermata? |
|
Definition
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinodea
Holothuroidea
Crinodea |
|
|
Term
| What Kingdom does phylum Echinodermata belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What characteristic is unique to Echinoderms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of symmetry do Echinoderms demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the word echinodermata mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of development do Echinodermata have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On Echinoderms, which is the oral side? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On Echinoderms, which is the aboral side? |
|
Definition
| the side without the mouth |
|
|
Term
| In Echinoderms, what is the opening into the water vascular system called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Echinoderms, what are the radiating grooves that contain tube feet called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Echinoderms, what are the pincher like organs on their surface called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Echinoderms, what are the skin gills called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the separating characteristic of class Asteroidea from the rest of the Echinoderms? Give an example |
|
Definition
Pentaradial symmetry
Sea Stars |
|
|
Term
| What is the separating characteristic of class Ophiuroidea from the rest of the Echinoderms? |
|
Definition
Pentaradial symmetry
Brittle Stars |
|
|
Term
| What kind of symmetry do Echinoderm adults demonstrate? |
|
Definition
| secondary radial symmetry (evolved from bilateral symmetry) |
|
|
Term
| What kind of symmetry do the larval stage of Echinoderms demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the separating characteristic of class Echinodea from the rest of the Echinoderms? Give an example |
|
Definition
Disk -shaped, no arms, spines
Sea urchins |
|
|
Term
| What is the separating characteristic of class Holothuroidea from the rest of the Echinoderms? Give an example |
|
Definition
Cucumber shaped, No arms, no spines
Sea cucumber |
|
|
Term
| What is the separating characteristic of class Crinoidea from the rest of the Echinoderms? Give an example |
|
Definition
Sessile, arms used for filter feeding
Sea lillies |
|
|
Term
| In Asteroidea, is the ambulacral groove open or closed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Asteroidea, where is the madreporite located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Asteroidea have pedicellariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Asteroidea have dermal branchiae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Ophiuroidea, is the ambulacral groove open or closed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Ophiuroidea, where is the madreporite located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Ophiuroidea have pedicellariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Ophiuroidea have dermal branchiae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Echinodea, is the ambulacral groove open or closed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Echinodea, where is the madreporite located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Echinodea have pedicellariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Echinodea have dermal branchiae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Echinodea have instead of arms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the specialized feeding structure in Echinodea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Holothuroidea, is the ambulacral groove open or closed? |
|
Definition
| ambulacral areas w/tube feet |
|
|
Term
| In Holothuroidea, where is the madreporite located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Holothuroidea have pedicellariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do Holothuroidea have dermal branchiae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does class Asteroidea belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does class Ophiuroidea belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does class Echinodea belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does class Holothuroidea belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phylum does class Crinodea belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of Bipinnaria larvae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is the shape of bipinnaria larvae important in echinoderm evolutionary history? |
|
Definition
| Evolution of radial symmetry from bilateral ancestor? |
|
|
Term
| What kind of larvae is the first stage in development of most starfish? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level of organization do Echinoderms demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many tissue layers do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of digestive system do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
| Alimentary Canal with extra and intracellular digestion |
|
|
Term
| What type of Excretory system do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of circulatory system do echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of respiratory system do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of nervous system do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of body cavity do Echinoderms have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of asexual reproduction do Echinoderms demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of sexual reproduction do Echinoderms demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Kingdom does phylum Chordata belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for phylum Chordata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What four characteristics are shared by all Chordates and what are their functions? |
|
Definition
notochord: for muscle attachment
hollow dorsal nerve chord: to send nervous signals
Pharyngeal slits: various functions
post-anal tail: movement |
|
|
Term
| What three subphyla are included in Phylum Chordata |
|
Definition
Urochordata
Cephalochordata
Vertebrata |
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Urochordata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Cephalochordata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Vertebrata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the chordate characteristics found in the adults in subphylum Urochordata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of lifestyle do Urochordata demonstrate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the chordate characteristics found in the adults in subphylum Cephalochordata? |
|
Definition
All 4:
Pharangeal slits, post-anal tail, notochord, hollow dorsal nerve chord |
|
|
Term
| What type of lifestyle do Cephalochordata demonstrate? |
|
Definition
| found buried in the sand off the coast |
|
|
Term
| What are the chordate characteristics found in the adults in subphylum Vertebrata? |
|
Definition
all 4:
Pharangeal slits, post-anal tail, notochord, hollow dorsal nerve chord |
|
|
Term
| What type of lifestyle do Vertebrates demonstrate? |
|
Definition
| free-living with backbones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aquatic vertebrates that are not mammal, bird or reptile |
|
|
Term
| What are the major groupings of fish? (5) |
|
Definition
Hagfish (jawless)
Lamprey (jawless)
Cartilagenous Fish
Lobe-finned Fish
Ray-finned Fish |
|
|
Term
| In what Subphylum is superclass Agnatha found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two classes in superclass Agnatha? |
|
Definition
Cephalaspidomorphi - Lamprey
Myxini - Hagfish |
|
|
Term
| What do organisms in superclass Agnatha lack? |
|
Definition
jaws
most also lack paired appendages |
|
|
Term
| What structures do hagfish lack? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of feeding behavior is found in the hagfish? |
|
Definition
| scavengers, by entering natural openings on living and dead fish/mammals |
|
|
Term
| How do hagfish find their prey? what is their prey? |
|
Definition
sense of smell
fish/mammals |
|
|
Term
| What do hagfish do to their body that is unique and what is the function of this behavior? |
|
Definition
| tie themselves in knots to help release slime/mucous as a defense mechanism |
|
|
Term
| What type of feeding behavior is found in the Lamprey? |
|
Definition
| they attach to their prey with their mouth, then secrete an anticoagulent and feed on blood & tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are larvae of Lamprey called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are ammocoetes found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do ammocoetes have to do to become adult Lamprey? |
|
Definition
| metamorphosis - restructure their digestive system |
|
|
Term
| What Phylum does Superclass Gnathostomata belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for superclass Gnathostomata? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What characteristic does superclass Gnathostomata have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Gnathostomata jaws develop from? |
|
Definition
| skeletal supports of the pharyngeal slits |
|
|
Term
| what Phylum does class Chondrichthyes belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Chondrichthyes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two Subclasses in Chondrichthyes? |
|
Definition
Elasmobranchii
Holocephali |
|
|
Term
| What class does subclass Elasmobranchii belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class does subclass Holocephali belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two orders belong to class Elasmobranchii? |
|
Definition
Selachiformes - Sharks
Batiformes - Skates and Rays |
|
|
Term
| What is the Chondrichthyes skeleton made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the cartilagenous skeleton found in Chondrichthyes primitive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of scales do Chondrichthyes have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are males and females differentiated in Chondrichthyes? |
|
Definition
Males have claspers, an extention of the pelvic fin used to transfer sperm,
and females do not. |
|
|
Term
| What are the three types of reproduction found in sharks? |
|
Definition
Viviparity: babies fed by placenta
Oviparity: deposit eggs
Ovoviviparity: eggs retained in female, but no nourishment is provided |
|
|
Term
| What order does the Great white Shark belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What order does the Leopard Shark belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What order does the Whale Shark belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What order does the hammerhead shark belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How big are great white sharks? |
|
Definition
| 20 feet long, 4200 pounds |
|
|
Term
| What do Great white sharks eat? |
|
Definition
| Large bony fish, smaller sharks, dolphins, seals, sea lions |
|
|
Term
| Where are great white sharks found? |
|
Definition
| coastal and offshore in waters ranging from 54-75 degrees F |
|
|
Term
| In the last 100 years, more people have been killed in the US by _______ than great white sharks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How big are the Leopard sharks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Leopard Sharks eat? |
|
Definition
| bony fish, crustaceans, worms, clams |
|
|
Term
| Where are Leopard sharks found? |
|
Definition
| coast from Oregon to Baja, California |
|
|
Term
| How do adult leopard sharks differ from juvenile leopard sharks? |
|
Definition
| juveniles are spotted while adults lose their spots |
|
|
Term
| What size are whale sharks? |
|
Definition
| 66 feet long, 7500 pounds - largest shark |
|
|
Term
| What do whale sharks eat? |
|
Definition
| plankton, they're filter feeders |
|
|
Term
| Where are whale sharks located? |
|
Definition
| coast from Oregon to Baja, CA |
|
|
Term
| How much water can whale sharks filter in one hour? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What size are the Hammerhead sharks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do hammerhead sharks eat? |
|
Definition
| fish, rays, other sharks, crustaceans, cephalopods |
|
|
Term
| Where are hammerhead sharks found? |
|
Definition
| tropical/subtropical waters along shorelines |
|
|
Term
| What does the hammer head do for the hammerhead shark and how many more times effective is it than other sharks? |
|
Definition
spread receptors and detect prey
10 times more likely to detect prey than other sharks |
|
|
Term
| What subclass does order Batiformes belong to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for Batiformes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the caudal fin in the skate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the caudal fin in the Ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do skates have stinging spines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the stinging spines in the Ray. |
|
Definition
| found on the slender whip-like tail |
|
|
Term
| Describe the pelvic fin of the skate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the pelvic fin of the ray. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the method of child birth in the skate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the method of child birth in the ray. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What size is the Broad skate? |
|
Definition
| just under 1 meter in length |
|
|
Term
| Where are Broad Skates found |
|
Definition
| deep water in the pacific ocean |
|
|
Term
| What do Broad Skates Eat? |
|
Definition
| Mollusks, Crustaceans, Fish |
|
|
Term
| What size are Manta Rays? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are Manta Rays found? |
|
Definition
| tropical waters around coral reefs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| filter feeders in open ocean |
|
|
Term
| Where are Guitarfish typically found? |
|
Definition
| tropical & temperate waters, traveling in large schools |
|
|
Term
| What size are Guitarfish? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small crustaceans (bottom feeders) |
|
|
Term
| How do Chimaeras differ from sharks, skates and rays? |
|
Definition
upper jaws are fused with skull
separate anal & urogenital openings
lack sharp, replaceable teeth but have a few large grinding plates |
|
|
Term
| What are the common names for order Chimaeriformes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are chimaeras usually found? |
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Definition
| cold waters often at great depths |
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Term
| What do chimaeras usually eat |
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Definition
| benthic inverterbrates=crabs, clams, echinoderms |
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Term
| What is the Osteichthyes skeleton made of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of scales do Osteichthyes have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two adaptations do Osteichthyes have? |
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Definition
operculum: hard covering over gills
Swim bladder: helps the body create balance between sinking and floating |
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Term
| What two classes has the group Osteichthyes been divided into? |
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Definition
Sacropterygii: lobe-finned fish
Actinopterygii: ray-finned fish |
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Term
| What class does subclass Coelacanthimorpha belong to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What class does subclass Dipnoi belong to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the common name for subclass Coelacanthimorpha? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the common name for the subclass Dipnoi? |
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Definition
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Term
| What description is given for Coelocanthes? |
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Definition
lobe-finned fish with pectoral and anal finsh on fleshy stalks supported by bones.
Tail is divided into three lobes |
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Term
| What structure do Coelocanthes have to detect prey |
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Definition
| an electroreceptive device called a rostral organ |
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Term
| Where are Coelocanthes found? |
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Definition
| near indonesia & south Africa |
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Term
| What do Coelocanthes eat? |
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Definition
cuttlefish, squid, snipe eels, and small sharks.
opportunistic feeders |
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|
Term
| What description is given for lungfish? |
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Definition
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Term
| What primitive characteristic are lungfish well known for? |
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Definition
| the ability to breath air |
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Term
| Where are lungfish found? |
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Definition
| Africa, South America, Austrailia |
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|
Term
| How do lungfish survive dessication? |
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Definition
| by burrowing into mud and estivating |
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Term
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Definition
| fish, insects, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, plant material |
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Term
| What Clade does Kingdom Animalia belong to? |
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Definition
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