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BIO 230: Bacterial Respiratory Infections
Bacterial Respiratory Infections
63
Biology
Undergraduate 2
08/17/2009

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Cards

Term

group A Beta Strep

Haemophilus influenza type B

Diptheria

Pertussis

Tuberculosis

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Definition
Six important bacterial respiratory infections.
Term
G+ coccus in chains
Definition
 Morphology of Streptococcus pyogenes
Term
Respiratory secretions from a cough.
Definition
How respiratory Strep infection is transmitted.
Term
Pharyngitis
Definition
Respiratory infection caused by group A Beta Strep
Term

Inflammation/swelling of throat

Sore throat

Fever

Congestion

Definition
Symptoms of pharyngitis
Term
3-10 days
Definition
Duration of Strep throat symptoms.
Term

Sinusitis

tonsilitis

conjunctivitis

otitis

laryngitis

tracheitis

bronchitis

pneumonia

Definition
8 common complications of Strep throat
Term

Scarlet fever

Rheumatic fever

Glomerulonephritis

Tetro pharyngeal abscess

Meningitis

Definition
Five less common post Strep complications.
Term
Rheumatic fever
Definition
 Autoimmune damage to mitral valve of heart due to Strep infection.
Term
Glomerulonephritis
Definition
Autoimmune damage to capillaries in the kidneys.
Term

Antibiotics


 

Penicillins, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin

Definition
Treatment for Strep throat.
Term
No Vaccine
Definition
Prevention of Strep throat
Term
Gram negative rod
Definition
Morphology of Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB)
Term
Cough
Definition
How HiB is transmitted.
Term
Pharyngitis
Definition
Type of infection that HiB causes.
Term

Ear infections

 

Meningitis
(leading cause among 3-6 yr olds)

Definition
Complications associated with HiB
Term
Azithromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline
Definition
Treatment for HiB
Term
HiB vaccine
Definition
Prevention of HiB
Term
Corynebacterium diphtheria
Definition
Causative organism of Diphtheria
Term
G+ aerobic, non-spore forming, rod
Definition
Morphology of Corynebacterium diphtheria
Term
Diphtheria
Definition
Was the leading cause of infant death in US between 1920's and 1950's causing between 3,000 and 5,000 deaths per year.
Term
Cough
Definition
How Diphtheria is transmitted.
Term
Pharyngitis
Definition
Infection caused by Diphtheria
Term
  1. Extremely congested and sore throat
  2. Strong inflammation
  3. Pseudomembrane
  4. Great breathing difficulty
  5. Exotoxins infect blood, heart, spleen, liver, kidneys.
  6. Exotoxins block protein synthesis organs.
  7. Organ necrosis leading to organ failure.
Definition
Seven major effects/symptoms of Diphtheria
Term
pseudomembrane
Definition
Diphtheria bacteria stimulate strong inflammation which causes a blockage in the throat and great breathing difficulty.
Term

dead bacteria

 white blood cells

 macrophages

lots of mucous

Definition
Pseudomembrane consists of these four elements...
Term

Antibiotics


 

Penicillins, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin

Definition
Treatment of Diphtheria
Term

DPT vaccine

(toxoid vaccine)

Definition
Prevention of Diphtheria
Term
Bordatella pertussis
Definition
Causative organism for Pertussis
Term
whooping cough
Definition
Common name for Pertussis
Term
Gram negative rod
Definition
Morphology of Pertussis
Term
Severe paroxysmal cough
Definition
How pertussis is transmitted.
Term
Pertussis
Definition
Was the second leading cause of infant death in US until 1950's. Approx. 2,000 deaths per year.
Term

Inflammation of bronchi

Accumulation of mucous in bronchi

Severe chest cough

Definition
Symptoms of Pertussis caused by endotoxin.
Term

Kills cells in lining of bronchi

Blocks action of cilia in bronchi

Definition
Effects of exotoxins in Pertussis.
Term
1-2 weeks
Definition
Duration of cough in Pertussis
Term
Pertussis
Definition

The following complications are related to which disease: damage to bronchial walls, necrosis of bronchi, bloody cough, collapsed lung, pneumonia, malnutrition, cardiac arrest.

Term

Cough suppressants as needed

Rest, diet, fluids

Antibiotics


 

erythromycin, tetracycline, doxycycline

 

Definition
Treatment for Pertussis
Term

DPT vaccine

(epitope vaccine)

Definition
Prevention of Pertussis
Term
Mycobaterium tuberculosis
Definition
Causative organism for TB
Term

Acid-fast aerobic rod

Slender, non-spore forming

 

Definition
Morphology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Term
TB
Definition
Known as a temperate climate disease.
Term

Hominis

Bovine

Avium

Definition
3 Strains of TB that infect humans.
Term
Usually by cough containing TB infected sputum or by inhaling TB bacteria in dried sputum.
Definition
How TB is transmitted.
Term
7-28 days
Definition
Incubation period for TB
Term
2 weeks
Definition
Length of time dried sputum can retain TB infection.
Term
Flu-like symptoms.
Definition
Symptoms of TB
Term
  • Bacteria infecting lung cells resist phagocytosis.
  • More macrophages are sent to fight infection and mass forms
  • Scar tissue forms tubercles.
  • Granuloma form from calcified tubercles.
Definition
How TB causes harm.
Term

6-9 months

At this time TB is inactive (healed)

Definition
Duration of infection/symptoms in TB.
Term
Caseation necrosis causes Miliary TB, which is fatal. 1 in every 1,000 cases.
Definition
Complications related to TB
Term
Granulomas that have softened and broken apart.
Definition
What is caseation necrosis?
Term

Anti-TB Antibiotics given for 6-9 mos.


Sulfa drugs, streptomycin, lifamycin, isoniazide, ethambutol

Definition
Treatment for TB
Term

BCG vaccine

(not available in US)

Definition
prevention for TB
Term
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Definition
Leading cause of bacterial pneumonia
Term
G+ diplococcus
Definition
Morphology of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Term
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Definition
pneumococcus
Term
smooth strain
Definition
Form of S. pneumoniae that causes pneumonia
Term
capsules
Definition
What makes smooth strain more virulent than rough strain of S. pneumoniae.
Term
compromised person
Definition
People who are more succeptible to their  resident S. pneumoniae moving from their nose and throat into their lungs.
Term
endogenous
Definition
Is bacterial pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae and exogenous infection or an endogenous infection?
Term
  1. Risk of collapsed lung
  2. Risk of spread to pleural membrane and heart
  3. Increased heart rate & blood pressure
  4. Kidney damage
  5. Stroke
Definition
5 Unique symptoms of pneumoccocal pneumonia.
Term

Antibiotics


Penicillins, erythromycin, doxycycline

 

Not drug resistant.

Definition
Treatment for pneumococcal pneumonia
Term
vaccine
Definition
Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia.
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