Term
| What does DNA instruct the synthesis of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does DNA replication occur? |
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Definition
| during interphase just prior to mitosis |
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Term
| In DNA replication, what are the specific sites on the double helix called where replication begins? |
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Definition
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Term
| In DNA replication, the adding of nucleotides only begins on the ___ end. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which enzyme separates the complementary base pairs for DNA replication to occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which enzyme of DNA replication moves along the open strands and matches the base with its complement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Changes in the DNA structure due to replication errors or environmental factors are called ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is a double strand or double helix? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is a single strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is only located in the nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which does “work” in the cytoplasm? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which facilitates protein synthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the organic bases in DNA? |
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Definition
| adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine |
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Term
| What are the organic bases in RNA? |
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Definition
| adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil |
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Term
| What are the building blocks of proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a sequence of nucleotides on a DNA molecule that code for the synthesis of one protein |
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Term
| What is the portion of DNA in a gene called that may play a role in chromosome structure or the regulation of gene activity or may have no function at all? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two steps in protein synthesis? |
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Definition
| transcription and translation |
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Term
| Which one occurs in the nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one occurs in the cytoplasm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which RNA is a copy of one strand of DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Three nucleotides on the DNA are called what? What do they code for? |
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Definition
| triplet; a specific amino acid |
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Term
| Three nucleotides on mRNA are called what? What do they code for? |
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Definition
| codon; a specific amino acid |
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Term
| Three nucleotides on tRNA are called what? What do they code for? |
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Definition
| anticodon; a specific amino acid |
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Term
| What is the function of rRNA? |
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Definition
| site of protein synthesis |
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Term
| What is the function of RNA polymerase? |
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Definition
| splits the double strands of DNA for a specific gene to code for a specific protein |
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Term
| How many types of tRNA are there? |
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Definition
| more than 20 different types of tRNA |
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Term
| Describe the tRNA molecule. |
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Definition
| one end is the anticodon that binds with the appropriate codon and the other end is where the specific amino acid that the anticodon codes for attaches |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which the genetic information of DNA is copied through the manufacture of mRNA to be moved to the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| step in protein synthesis where the language of the nucleic acids are translated into the language of proteins |
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Term
| Can several rRNA attach to the same mRNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can many proteins of a specific type be produced at the same time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the chain of amino acids called that is found before the actual protein and serves as a molecular address label? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| system that enables the 4 nucleotides of DNA to code for the amino acid sequences of all proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| the transmission of genetic characteristics from the parent to its offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| pair of alleles possessed by an individual at one gene locus on a pair of homologous chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| an expressed trait from either environmental influences or from the genotype |
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Term
| The two chromosomes in each pair where one is inherited from the mother and one is inherited from the father are known as ____ ____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| comprehensive study of the whole genome and how its genes and noncoding DNA interact to the structure and function of the whole organism |
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Term
| What is Mendalian genetics? |
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Definition
| discipline dealing with parent-offspring and larger family relationships to discern and predict patterns of inheritance within a family line |
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