Term
| What are the general senses? |
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Definition
| touch, tickle, vibration, temperature, pain, proprioception |
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Term
| What is another name for pain receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of pain receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are pain receptors adaptive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the stretching of visceral organs or a smooth muscle spasm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is pain that is felt in a different part of the body other than the source of the pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is referred pain visceral pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor respond to changes in temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are thermoreceptors adaptive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor responds to stretching, twisting and deformation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 types of mechanoreceptors? |
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Definition
| tactile, baroreceptors, proprioceptors |
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Term
| What type of receptor is sensitive to touch, pressure and vibration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor is stimulated when your hair is disturbed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which corpuscle responds to light touch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which corpuscle responds to heavy pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are mechanoreceptors located in the inner ear? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 structures in the inner ear where mechanoreceptors are located? |
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Definition
| organ of Corti, macula, crista ampullaris |
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Term
| What type of receptor monitors changes in pressure such as that in blood vessels, GI tract and urinary bladder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor monitors the position of the arms and legs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What receptors detect changes in specific chemicals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor monitors taste and smell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor monitors CO2 and O2 levels? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor monitors glucose levels? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are our special senses? |
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Definition
| sight, smell, taste, hearing, equilibrium |
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Term
| What type of receptor responds to light? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor responds to hearing and equilibrium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of receptor responds to different taste and smells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do photoreceptors respond to? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 2 examples of photoreceptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are these photoreceptors located in the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the olfactory epithelium? |
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Definition
| mucous membrane on the superior nasal conchae with olfactory receptors |
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Term
| What are the olfactory receptors? |
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Definition
| chemoreceptors that monitor smell |
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Term
| To which lobe does the nervous impulse for smell go? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the Limbic system associated with smell? |
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Definition
| recognizes any emotional responses to a smell |
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Term
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Definition
| projections on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds which contain the gustatory receptors |
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Term
| What are the 5 primary taste that the brain receives? |
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Definition
| sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami |
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Term
| What kind of receptors are the olfactory and gustatory? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 cavities in the eye? |
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Definition
| anterior cavity and posterior cavity |
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Term
| Which type of humor fills each? |
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Definition
| anterior cavity contains aqueous humor; posterior cavity contains vitreous humor |
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Term
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Definition
| an elastic, transparent, biconvex structure |
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Term
| What is the function of the lens? |
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Definition
| the lens functions in focusing |
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Term
| List the 3 tunics of the eye. |
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Definition
| fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, nervous tunic |
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Term
| Which parts of the eyeball make up the fibrous tunic and what are their functions? |
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Definition
| sclera and cornea; sclera is the white part of the eye that is composed of CT and functions to protect the eye, give it shape and provide a place for muscles to attach; cornea is the clear fibrous CT that covers the lens and is the first structure to bend the light coming into the eye |
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Term
| Which parts of the eyeball make up the vascular tunic and what are their functions? |
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Definition
| choroid coat, ciliary bodies, and iris; |
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Term
| What are suspensory ligaments? |
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Definition
| fibers that connect the ciliary muscles to the lens to control the shape of the lens |
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Term
| Which parts of the eyeball make up the nervous tunic? |
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Definition
| retina with the photoreceptors (rods and cones) |
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Term
| What is function of rods? |
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Definition
| rods help you to see in dim light and black and white |
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Term
| What is the function of cones? |
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Definition
| cones help you to see in bright light and see color |
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Term
| What is the macula lutea? |
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Definition
| the yellow spot on the retina that contains a depression called the fovea centralis |
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Term
| What is the fovea centralis? |
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Definition
| a cone shaped depression that contains only cones and this is where you have your sharpest and most distinct color vision |
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Term
| Where is the fovea centralis located? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| where the all the axons converge to form the optic nerve, it is called the optic disc |
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Term
| Why is it called the blind spot? |
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Definition
| it is a blind spot because there are no rods or cones in this spot |
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Term
| Where is the conjunctiva located? |
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Definition
| underneath the eyelid and across the sclera |
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Term
| What does the lacrimal gland secrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the antibacterial enzyme secreted in tears? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the pathway of tears. |
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Definition
| the lacrimal glands produce tears and the tears move through the lacrimal ducts to the eyeball and then across the eye to the medial canthus and enter the superior or inferior lacrimal canal and flow to the lacrimal sac, after which they drain through the nasolacrimal duct to the nasal cavity |
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Term
| Name the 6 extrinsic muscles of the eye and the direction that each moves the eye. |
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Definition
| lateral rectus moves the eye laterally; |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which the curvature of the lens is increased or decreased in order to focus on near or far objects |
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Term
| When the lens is flattened, what are the ciliary muscles and the suspensory ligaments doing? |
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Definition
| ciliary muscles relax and cause the suspensory ligaments to become taut or tight; this aids in focusing on far objects |
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Term
| Does the lens flatten for near or far vision? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the types of receptors in the ear? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| funnel shaped part of the exterior of the ear, also called the pinna |
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Term
| What is the external auditory meatus? |
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Definition
| the canal through the temporal bone from the auricle to the tympanic membrane |
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Term
| What is the tympanic membrane? |
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Definition
| a thin, transparent CT membrane that is shaped like a flattened cone for picking up sound waves, also called the eardrum |
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Term
| What are the ceruminous glands? |
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Definition
| glands in the external auditory meatus that secrete cerumen or ear wax |
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Term
| Where is the tympanic cavity? |
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Definition
| it is the middle ear cavity |
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Term
| Is the tympanic cavity air filled or fluid filled? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 3 auditory ossicles in order from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear? |
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Definition
| malleus, incus and stapes |
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Term
| What does the auditory tube connect? |
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Definition
| the tympanic cavity to the pharynx (throat) to equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane |
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Term
| What is the bony labyrinth? |
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Definition
| the bony canals of the temporal bone in the inner ear, also called the osseous labyrinth |
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Term
| Which bone is the bony labrinth located in? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the membranous labyrinth? |
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Definition
| membrane canal located inside the osseous labyrinth that follows every turn of the bony labyrinth |
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Term
| Where is the perilymph located? |
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Definition
| between the membranous labyrinth and the bony labyrinth |
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Term
| Where is the endolymph located? |
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Definition
| inside the membranous labyrinth |
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Term
| Where is the organ of Corti located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of receptor is found in the organ of Corti? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the organ for hearing? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the crista ampularis located? |
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Definition
| in the semicircular canals |
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Term
| What kind of receptor is located in the crista ampularis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the organ for dynamic equilibrium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the saccule and the utricle located? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the organ for static equilibrium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of receptor in located in the organ for static equilibrium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 types of information that sensory receptors transmit? |
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Definition
| Modality, location, Intensity and duration |
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Term
| Modality refers to the type of ___ or the sensation it produces. Give some examples |
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Definition
| stimulus; Vision, hearing, taste |
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Term
| Location is the neuron _____ _____. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is a Sensory Projection? |
|
Definition
| The ablilty of the brain to identify the site of stimulation. Sensation of holding some object in hand, or texture of a material. |
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Term
| Intensity refers to whether a sound is ___ or ____, a light is ___ or ___, or a pain is ___ or ___. |
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Definition
| loud or soft, bright or dim, mild excruciating. |
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Term
| Duration is refering to how long the stimulus lasts which is encoded by changes in the _____ ______ of a nerve fiber with the passage of time. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| All receptors exhibit the property of ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the property of adaptation? |
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Definition
| It a stimulus is prolonged, the fireing of the neuron gets slower over time and we become less aware of the stimulus. |
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Term
| What does the hair root plexus allow you to feel? |
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Definition
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