Term
| Beadle and Tatums's Experiment |
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Definition
| looked at the metabolic enzymes in hte bread mold Neurospora - led to the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis (a mutation causes an efect on only one ensyme). Now we say one-gene, one-polypeptide |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to tymine, but is in RNA. Lacks the Mythel (-CH3) group. |
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Term
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Definition
| carries a copy of a gene sequence in DNA to the site of protein synthesis at the ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| carries amino acids to the ribosome for assembly into polypeptides. It associates with mRNA. |
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Term
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Definition
| catalyzes peptide bond formation and provides a structural framework for the ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides. Different codons encode for different amino acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| the information in a DNA sequence (a gene) is copied into a complementary RNA sequence |
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Term
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Definition
| an RNA sequence is used to create the amino acid sequence of a poly peptide |
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Term
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Definition
| three nucleotides in transfer RNA that pair with a complementary triplet(a codon) in messenger RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that catalyzes RNA from DNA (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes) Don't require a primer and do not have proofreading functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a DNA sequence to which RNA polymerase bind to initiate transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| the addition of monomers to make a longer RNA or protein during transcription of translation |
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Term
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Definition
| the beginning of transcription and translation |
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Term
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Definition
| the end of transcription and translation. Specified by particular base sequences. |
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Term
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Definition
| the initiation signal for translation (AUG) |
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Term
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Definition
| termination signals for translation (UAA, UAG, UGA) |
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Term
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Definition
| a portion of the gene within the coding region that is transcribed into pre-mRNA but is spliced out prior to translation. Only in Eukaryotes. |
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Term
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Definition
| a portion of DNA molecules that are in eukaryotes that codes for part of a poly peptide. |
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Term
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Definition
| (precoursor-mRNA) initial gene transcript before it is modified to produce functional mRNA. Where introns and exons appear. |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemically modified GTP added to the 5' end of the mRNA, facilitates binding of mRNA to ribosome and prevents breakdown of mRNA. |
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Term
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Definition
| a long sequence of adenine nucleotides added after transcription to the 3' end of most eukaryotic mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| the last stage of RNA processing in eukaryotes, in which the transcripts of introns are excised through the action of snRPS |
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Term
| Tree things that happen to mRNA in Eukaryotic cells before transcription: |
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Definition
1) G Cap added
2) Poly A tail added
3) intons are spliced out (RNA splicing) and exons are put together |
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Term
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Definition
| a large RNA-protien complex that cuts the pre-mRNA, releases the introns and joins the ends of the exons together to produce a mature mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| where translation takes place. Holds mRNA and tRNA in the right positions so the poly peptide chain can be assembled. Three sites: A (amino acid) P (polypeptide) and E (exit) |
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Term
| peptidyl transferase activities |
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Definition
| when the large ribosome subunit 1) breaks the bonds of tRNA and its polypeptide 2) catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between the two amino acids |
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