Term
In a double Helix, what kind of chemical bonds form between the complementary nitrogenous bases?
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Definition
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Term
| How are nucleotides linked together to form a polynucleotide chain? |
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Definition
| In DNA and RNA, a phosphodiester linkage connects the 3' carbon of one nucleotide and the 5' carbon of another. |
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Term
In DNA what pyrimidine base does the Purine base Adenine pair with?
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Definition
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Term
| The reaction that forms nucleic acid polymers occurs between a _____ group on one nucleotide and a _____ group on a second nucleotide. |
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Definition
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Term
DNA molecules with a high percentage of guanine (G) and cytosine (C) are particularly stable. Why?
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Definition
| A G-C base pair has three hydrogen bonds, while an A-T base pair has two. |
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Term
| What makes it possible for DNA to serve as a template for DNA synthesis and for RNA synthesis? |
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Definition
| Complementary base pairing enables DNA to serve as a template |
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Term
| How are the structures of RNA and DNA similar? |
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Definition
| Their sugar-phosphate backbones are formed by phosphodiester linkages. |
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Term
What is true of the hairpin structure found in some RNA molecules? |
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Definition
| It is an example of RNA secondary structure. |
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Term
The sugars found in nucleotides are: |
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Definition
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Term
| An RNA molecule that can catalyze chemical reactions is called a_____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What condition will most likely prevent a cell from passing the G1 checkpoint? |
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Definition
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Term
| Summarize the difference between ribose and deoxyribose. |
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Definition
Ribose has a hydroxyl (-OH) group bonded to their 2' carbon; deoxyribose has an H at the same location.
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Term
What are the components of a nucleotide?
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Definition
a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
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Term
By convention, nucleotide sequences are always written from the ______
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Definition
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Term
In a nucleic acid polymer, the bonds that help to hold regions of double-strandedness together occur between what parts of the nucleotide monomers?
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Definition
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Term
If a DNA double helix contains 28% T nucleotides, then what is the percentage of A nucleotides?
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Definition
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Term
Nucleic acids are directional, meaning that there are two different ends. What functional groups define the two different ends.
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Definition
a free phosphate group on the 5' carbon and a free hydroxyl group on the 3' carbon.
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Term
Identify three possible components of a DNA nucleotide.
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Definition
deoxyribose, phosphate group, thymine
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Term
Which linkage forms the backbone of a nucleic acid?
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Definition
A sugar-phosphate linkage
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Term
Nucleic acids are assembled in the _____ direction.
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Definition
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Term
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon.
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Definition
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Term
Which of these nitrogenous bases is found in DNA but not in RNA?
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between DNA and RNA? |
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Definition
DNA is double-stranded, whereas RNA is single-stranded.
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