Term
| What is the structure/function of the Testes? |
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Definition
| The testes produce sperm and testosterone. They are located in the scrotum, and are typically a few degrees cooler than core body temp. |
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Term
| What is the function/structure of the Epididymis? |
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Definition
| The epididymis is a highly coiled tubule, where sperm mature and are stored. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Vasdeferens? |
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Definition
The tube that conducts sperm from the epididyms to the urethra
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Seminal Vesicles? |
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Definition
| They produce secretions that make up most of the volume of semen. The compoents of semen: citric acid, fructose, amino acids, and prostaglandins. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Ejaculatory Duct? |
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Definition
| This duct transports sperm and glandular secretions and combines all semenial fluid. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Prostate? |
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Definition
| Secretes a watery ALKALINE fluid to raise the vaginal PH and it is the size of a walnut. |
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Term
| what is the structure/function of the Bulbourethal Gland? |
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Definition
| Secretes lubricating mucus just before ejaculation and rinses urine from the urethra. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of Urethra? |
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Definition
| Tube though which sperm and urine leave the body. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Penis? |
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Definition
| Erectile organ of sexual intercourse. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Cremaster Muscle? |
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Definition
| A thin layer of skeletal muscle that raises and lowers the testes to reduce temperature to promote spermatogenesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in the testes. Function is sperm production. |
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Term
| What cell guides sperm production and creates the blood testes barrier? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone does the sertoli cell release? |
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Definition
| Inhibin to slow spermiogenesis. |
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Term
| What cells exist between the seminiferous tubules? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone do lydig cells manufacture? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| FSH with testosterone stimulates sertoli activity and sperm formation. |
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Term
| What cells do FSH act upon? |
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Definition
| acts upon the sertoli cell. |
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Term
| What is the source of FSH? |
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Definition
| Anterior Pituitary Gland. |
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Term
| Semen is composed of what? |
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Definition
| Spermatozoa and secretions from the prostate, seminal vesicles, and the bulbourethral glands. |
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Term
| What does the prostate contribute to semen production? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the seminal vesicles contribute to semen production? |
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Definition
| Citric acid, fructose for sperm energy. Amino acids that thicken semen, and prostanglandins that cut the viscosity of the cervical mucus and to cause uterine contractions that assists the movement of sperm. |
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Term
| What do the bulbourethral glands contribute to semen production? |
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Definition
| A clear slippery fluid that rinses acidic urine remnants from the urethra before the sperm pass though. |
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Term
| What is a negative feed back cycle? |
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Definition
| A regulatory mechanism in the body. One which the outcome of a process feeds back on the system and shuts down the process. |
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Term
| What is the negative feed back cycle for testosterone. |
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Definition
| Hypothalamus releases GnRH which stimulates pituitary gland the released LH which stimulates interstitial cells which elevates testosterone. Elevated testosterone levels shut down GnRH which causes LH to drop with shuts off the production of testosterone. |
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Term
| What is GnRH and where does it come from? |
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Definition
| GnRH or Gonadotropin-releasing hormone. GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH. |
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Term
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Definition
| An antibiotic that may prevent UTI's in males. |
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Term
| What is the structure/function of the Ovaries? |
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Definition
| the size of two almonds. Responsible for egg (oocyte), estrogen, and progesterone production. |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of the fallopian tubes? |
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Definition
| AKA oviducts. A duct for transporting and eggs and it is the site for fertilization. |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of the uterus? |
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Definition
| A allow chamber in which an embro develops. |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of the myometrium? |
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Definition
| It is the middle layer of the uterine wall. it is a smooth muscle that expands during pregnancy and expands during labor. |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of the endometrium? |
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Definition
| Supports the fertilized egg and sloughs off creating the period. |
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Term
| what is the structure and function of the cervix? |
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Definition
| Lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. |
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Term
| what is the structure and function of the vagina? |
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Definition
| Oran of sexual intercourse, produces lubricating fluids, and is the birth canal. |
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Term
| What is the structure and function of the clitoris? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many steps are there in a menses cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first step in the menses cycle? |
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Definition
| Primary follicle. Contains the primary oocyte and it secretes estrogen. |
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Term
| What is the second step in the menses cycle? |
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Definition
| Maturation: A fluid filled ANTRUM develops forming a cavity - the outer layer. The inner layer directly surrounds and houses the oocyte. |
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Term
| What is the third step in a woman's menses cycle? |
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Definition
| The mature (Graafian) follicle develops and contains a polar body, secondary oocyte, and ovarian connective tissue. Meiosis one is complete. |
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Term
| What is the forth stage in a woman's menses cycle? |
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Definition
| Ovulation: The mature Graafian follicle ruptures releasing the secondary oocyte with its polar body and grandulosa cells. |
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Term
| What is the fifth step in a woman's menses cycle? |
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Definition
| The corpus luteum or "yellow body" remains in the ovary. It secretes Estrogen and progesterone. |
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Term
| How long does the menses cycle last? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long does the proliferative phase last? |
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Definition
| From day six to day fourteen. |
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Term
| FSH triggers what hormone in women? |
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Definition
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Term
| LH triggers what hormone in women? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to the endometrium during the proliferative phase? |
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Definition
| The endometrium proliferates (thickens) |
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Term
| What is happening to the follicle in the proliferative phase? |
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Definition
| Maturation yields a Graafian follicle on day 14 and the Graafian follicle ruptures releasing the secondary oocyte. Ovulation. |
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Term
| What is the predominate pituitary hormone controlling the proliferative phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone does FSH trigger in the proliferative phase? |
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Definition
| Primarily estrogen and some progesterone. |
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Term
| Ovulation occurs on what day of the cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone triggers a pituitary surge of what hormone to trigger ovulation. |
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Definition
| Increasing estrogen causes and LH surge and ovulation occurs. |
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Term
| What is the duration of the progestational (luteal)phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the predominate pituitary hormone controlling the progestational phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| The hormone LH stimulates what ovarian structure to produce what primary hormone? |
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Definition
| LH Stimulates the corpus lutem that produces large amounts of progesterone and some estrogen. |
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Term
| How does LH act on the endrometrium? |
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Definition
| LH causes the endrometrium to mature. |
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Term
| What happens when FSH and LH levels drop? |
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Definition
| When FSH and LH levels drop, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate and the endrometrium begins to break down resulting in a period. |
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Term
| How does the negative feed back cycle operate in women? |
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Definition
| When progesterone levels rise, if no pregnancy occurs, the high levels of progesterone trigger GnRH which inhibits production of progesterone. And the cycle starts over again. |
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Term
| A fertilized Ovum secretes WHAT hormone to keep stimulating WHAT ovarian structure to keep producing WHAT hormone to maintain THIS Uterine layer? |
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Definition
HCG is secreted by the fertilized ovum.
Which stimulates the CORPUS LUTEUM to continue PROGESTERONE to maintain the ENDOMETRIUM layer. |
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Term
| What is the hormone we measure during a pregnancy test? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When ovulation and menstruation stop completely - Usually between 45 and 50 years old. |
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Term
| What virus targets the cervix and the penis and can cause cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is there a vaccine for HPV |
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Definition
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Term
| How does progesterone relate to PMS? |
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Definition
| Progesterone has a calming effect on the brain and decreases fluid retention. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the presence of uterine lining in other pelvic organs, especially the ovaries, characterized my cyst formations, adhesion and menstrual pains. |
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Term
| What are the four stages of human sexual response? |
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Definition
| excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. |
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Term
| Define sexual excitement. |
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Definition
| increased blood flow, enlarged sexual organs, in women lubrication starts here. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stage one plus enlargement of testes that also contact into the body for protection. In women the outer third of her vagina enlarges and the clitoris retracts under the hood. Resp rate increases. HR increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| peak of sexual response. muscles of the repo system contract in both sexes. Men have a two part orgasm and women have rhythmic contraction in the uterus and vag. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the body returns to a normal functioning state. Women take longer then men. |
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Term
| What are basic forms of contraception? |
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Definition
| Abstinence, Surgical Sterilization, Hormonal Methods, IUD's, Diaphragms and cervical caps, Chemical spermicides. |
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