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Bio 1610 Final
Study for the Final
65
Biology
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2011

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Term
Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Definition
1. Biosphere 2. ecosystem 3. community 4. population 5. organism 6. organ 7. tissue 8. cell 9.organell 10. molecule 11. atom
Term
DNA structure?
Definition
Double Helix
Term
Two main forms of cells
Definition
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Term
What is the Difference between Eukaryote and Prokaryote?
Definition
Eukaryotes have organells and the DNA is in the Nucleus, The Prokaryotes on the other hand lack organells and the DNA is not seperated in the nucleus
Term
Number of named species
Definition
1.8 million
Term
Taxonomy
Definition
How scientist name species
Term
Three domains of life
Definition
Bacteria (prokaryote)
Archaea (Prokaryote)
Eukarya (Iukaryote)
Term
Darwin is known for
Definition
Natural Selection on Gatapala island
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Based on enviroment and competition
Term
What is the scientific method
Definition
Obeservation, Question, Hypothosis, Testing (falsifying), Conclusion Report
Term
Two kinds of Hypothosis
Definition
About proccess, or about patterns
Term
Variables
Definition
the changing quanities in an experiement
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
The changing variable (the Cause)
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
The variable that changes depending on what you do to it, (The effected)
Term
Inductive Reasoning
Definition
Goes from small to large
Term
Deductive reasoning
Definition
from large to small
Term
Matter
Definition
mass that ocupies space
Term
Atom structure
Definition
Proton, Neutron, Electron
Term
element symbols include:
Definition
Mass number
Atomic Number
Atomic Symbole
Term
Atomic Mass
Definition
Proton + Neutron
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
Proton number
Term
Atomic Symbol
Definition
Name of the Element
Term
Isotopes
Definition
Same element but a different number of neutrons, ussually radio active
Term
Octec Rule
Definition
The out side layer needs 8 electrons
Term
three kinds of chemical bonding
Definition
Ionic: outside ring=4 electrons Neutral
Covalent:takes electron, loan electron
Hydrogen: When H becomes+ and O becomes-
Term
Thermal Inertia
Definition
resistance to temp change
Term
98degrees to 99degrees C. takes how many calories
Definition
1 calorie
Term
100-101 degrees c. takes how many calories
Definition
540 calories
Term
0-1degree C takes how many calories
Definition
80 calories
Term
Solvent
Definition
most abundent
Term
solute
Definition
least abundent
Term
Cohesion
Definition
hydrogen hold water bonds tightly together
Term
Adhesion
Definition
hydrogen bonds between water and other elements (buffer)
Term
Surface tension
Definition
allows non polar things to stay on top of water
Term
Acids
Definition
release H+
Term
Base
Definition
obsorbs H+
Term
Base
Definition
obsorbs H+
Term
Acid on a scale from 1-14
Definition
0-6.99999999999
Term
Base on a scale 1-14
Definition
7.00001 - 14
Term
Buffers
Definition
are solutes in water that resist change in pH
Term
Isomers
Definition
organic molecules that have same formula but a different structure
Term
Lipids
Definition
Fats :glysoral and fatty acids
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
Polysachride: monosacride
Term
proteins
Definition
polypeptide: amino acids
Term
Nucleic Acids
Definition
DNA, RNA: nucliotides
Term
Dehydration
Definition
removal of water
Term
Hydrolise
Definition
addition of water
Term
Enzymes
Definition
used to accelerate reactions
Term
monosaccharides
Definition
Single
glucose (blood), fructose(fruit) Glactose
Term
Disaccharides
Definition
Two
Sucrose(sugar)Maltose(malt sugar)
Term
polysacchrides
Definition
multiple
starch, glysogen, cellulose, chitin
Term
amino acids bond together end to end called?
Definition
peptide bonds
Term
Di
Definition
two
Term
tri
Definition
three
Term
poly
Definition
many
Term
DNA
Definition
double stranded, in chromosome
Term
RNA
Definition
single stranded, in cytoplasm
Term
bases of DNA
Definition
Cytosine, guanine; adenine, thymine
Term
Bases of RNA
Definition
Cytosine, guanine;
adenine, uracil
Term
prokariotic cells two domains
Definition
Bacteria:Bacillus (rod)
Coccus (spherical)
Spirilla (spiral)
Archea: Exsist in extreme habitats
Term
Eukarya include what domains
Definition
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Term
Compartmentalization and organells:
Definition
allows eukaryotic cells to be bigger, isolates reaction from others
Term
two classes of eukaryotic cell organell
Definition
endomembrane: organells that comunicate w/ eachother
energy related organells:independent and self sefficiant
Term
ribosomes
Definition
protein creators: contained as two subunits, large subunit/ small subunit
Term
ER
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
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