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Bio 155
Bio final Exam
38
Biology
Undergraduate 1
07/15/2010

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Week One

 

 

What Type of Bond is formed when atoms of similar electronegativity share electrons?

Definition

 

 

Non Polar Covalant Bond

 

Covalant bonding happens when the sharing of electrons make the outer most ring consist of 8 electrons. 

 

Example: H20 is a covalent bond.

Term

Week One

 

Ionic Bond

Definition

 

 

Atoms exchange electrons and assume opposite charges.

Term

Week One

 

Polar Covalent Bond

Definition

 

 

What type of bond is formed when atoms of different electronegativity share electrons unequally.

Term

Week One

 

Hydrogen Bond

Definition

 

What type of bond when a partially positive hydrogen in one polar molecule interacts with partially negative electronegative atom in another. 

Term

Week One

 

Name the monomer that makes up each of the following polymers:

 

Protein(amylase):

Nucleic acid (DNA):

Lipids( steroids):

Carbohydrates (starch):

Definition

Protein: amino acid

DNA: nucleotide

Lipids: fatty acids, glycerol

Carbohydrates: monosaccharide

Term

Week One

 

Name one structural difference between a molecule of RNA and a molecule of DNA

Definition

DNA: double helix structure

RNA: Single helix structure

Term

Week One

 

What does the term "redundent" mean with respect to the genetic code?

Definition
More than one codon represents a single amino acid.
Term

Week One

 

Codon

Definition

 

Triplet of DNA bases that encodes a single amino acid in a peptide chain.

Term

Week One

 

unambiguous

Definition

 

 

each codon represents only one amino acid

Term

Week One

 

What term describes the movement of water from high to low concentration?

Definition

 

 

Diffusion

Term

Week One

 

What term describes the movement of water from a from an area of low to an area of high solute concentration?

Definition

 

 

Osmosis

Term

Week One

 

Selectively Permeable

Definition

 

 

allows only certain materials through due to size, chemical makeup

Term

Week One

 

facilitated diffusion

Definition

 

passive transport by a gradient aided by a channel

Term

Week One

 

Active Transport

Definition

 

 

Use of energy to move a material against its concentration gradient

Term

Week One

 

Bulk Transport

Definition

 

 

large molecule export in membrane vesivles by exocytosis; uptake by endocytosis.

Term

Week One

 

T or F:

 

Each gene can give rise to only a single RNA transcript?

Definition
False
Term

Week One

 

Which Organelle is involved in recyling of aging organelles?

Definition

 

 

Lysosomes

Term

Week One

 

Which Organelle is involved in filaments function in cell shape, motility, organelle transport?

Definition

 

 

cytoskeleton

Term

Week One

 

Which organelle is involved in regulating traffic in and out of the cell?

Definition

 

 

Plasma Membrane

Term

Week One

 

Which Organelle is involved in protein processing and storing?

Definition

 

 

Golgi

Term

Week One

 

Which organelle is involved in protein assembly and packaging?

Definition

 

 

Rough ER

Term

Week One

 

Which Organelle is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification?

Definition

 

 

Smooth ER

Term

Week One

 

Which organelle is involved in extracting energy from food to make ATP

Definition

 

 

Mitochondria

Term

Week One

 

Which Organelle is involved in building proteins?

Definition

 

 

Ribosomes

Term

Week One

 

Which organelle is involed in containing DNA to direct construction of the cell

Definition

 

 

Nucleous

Term

Week One

 

Which level of protein structure involves folding of the polypeptide into common structural motifs such as a-helix b-sheet?

Definition

 

 

Secondary

Term

Week One

 

Which level of protein structure is found only in proteins composed of more than one polypeptide?

Definition

 

 

quartermary

Term

Week One

 

which level of protein structure is where the linear sequence of amino acids determines final protein shape?

Definition

 

 

primary

Term

Week One

 

Which level of protein structure is where local motifs persist through larger scale folding

Definition

 

 

Tertiary

Term

Week One

 

A 0.1M solution of sodium chloride is _____ relative to pure water.

 

a.) Isotonic

b.) hypertonic

c.) hypotonic

Definition

 

 

B.) hypertonic

Term

Week One

 

relatively low solute concentration; ideal for plant cells

Definition

 

 

Hypotonic

Term

Week One

 

Of equal solute concentration, ideal for animal cells

Definition

 

 

Isotonic

Term

Week One

 

Which process takes place in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

a.DNA replication

b. translation

c. transcription

Definition

 

 

b.) translation

Term

Week One

 

 Transcription

Definition

 

 

information in the DNA is copied to messenger RNA, which exits the nucleous

Term

Week One

 

DNA replication

Definition

 

 

Each strand of a double helix is a template for a new complementary strand

Term

Week One

 

Chloroplast

Definition

 

 

 

extracts energy from sunlight to make sugars

Term

Week One

 

Cell Wall (plant only)

Definition

 

 

provides support, limits water loss, protection

Term

Week One

 

 

central vacuole (plants only)

Definition

 

 

stores nutrients, water

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