Term
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Definition
| macromolecules, membranes, cells and organelles, the cytoskeleton |
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Term
| How do cells produce energy? |
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Definition
| Metabolism, Respiration, Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis |
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Term
| How do cells reproduce and communicate? |
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Definition
| Multicellularity and intercellular communication, the cell cycle, and mitosis |
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Term
| what is the basic unit of living things? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does evolution account for? |
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Definition
| It accounts for unity and diversity |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the tree of life? |
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Definition
| it is the analysis of the evolutionary relationships among organisms. |
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Term
| Which branch is concerned with naming and classifying organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| who is responsible for binomial nomenclature and how is it organized? |
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Definition
| Carolus von Linneaus; two-word naming system -- Genus, species. |
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Term
| What are the names of the |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the taxonomic categories? |
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Definition
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
"King Philip Came Over For Green Soup" |
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Term
| What are the three domains of life? |
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Definition
| Bacteria, Archea, and Eukarya |
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Term
| Which of the domains are prokaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What abilities do cells possess? |
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Definition
| Reproduction, growth and repair of multicellular organisms |
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Term
| Who is Robert Hooke and his importance? |
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Definition
| Saw "cells" in cork tissue in 1665 |
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Term
| Who is Anton van Leeuwenhoek? |
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Definition
| Saw single-celled organisms in pond water |
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Term
| Who is Schleiden and Schwann? |
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Definition
| Responsible for realizing cells were the basic unit of life in early 1800s |
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Term
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Definition
| Protons, neutrons, and electrons |
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Term
| What is an electron shell? |
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Definition
| the average distance of an electron from the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| different states of potential energy that electrons possess in an atom |
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Term
| how are the atoms organized in the periodic table of elements? |
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Definition
| by the number of protons and electrons |
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Term
| What is a full valence shell? |
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Definition
| have either 2 electrons in the innermost shell and 8 in the outer shell |
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Term
| What are the types of chemical bonds? |
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Definition
| covalent, hydrogen and ionic bonds |
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Term
| how are covalent bonds formed? |
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Definition
| by sharing electrons between two atoms |
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Term
| What are nonpolar covalent bonds? |
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Definition
| electrons that are equally shared between two atoms |
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Term
| what are covalent polar bonds? |
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Definition
| unequal electron sharing bonds; water is an example. think mickey mouse head |
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Term
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Definition
| when atoms completely gain or lose electrons; aniones (negative) and cation (positive) |
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Term
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Definition
| force between one electronegative atom and a hydrogen bonded to another electronegative atom; creates a diple:diple force |
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Term
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Definition
| all living organisms require water; cells are about 75-95% water; exists as liquid, solid and gas; |
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Term
| What are the properties of water? |
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Definition
| cohesion; less dense as a solid; good solvent; high specific heat; heat of vaporization; |
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Term
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Definition
| when water molecules stay close through hydrogen bonding; makes water transport and surface tension possible |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Since water’s greatest density occurs at 4°C and as water cools and freezes into ice it becomes less dense. When water cools below 4°C, typically below 0°C, the hydrogen bonds adjust to hold the negatively charged oxygen atoms apart. This in turn produces a crystal lattice. Ice then has the ability to float because as it expands, it solidifies. |
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Term
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Definition
| it is when heat is lost or absorbed to change the temperature of 1 g of matter in 1 degree Celsius |
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Term
| How is water a good solvent? |
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Definition
| Because both ionic and non-ionic compounds dissolve in water. |
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Term
| Hydrophobic vs. Hydrophillic |
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Definition
| Any substance that has affinity for water is hydrophillic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 7 - neutral; acidic <7, basic >7 |
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Term
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Definition
| components of organic molecules involved in chemical reactions |
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Term
| Name the Six functional groups |
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Definition
| hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydrl, phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| large molecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids |
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Term
| how are polymers broken down to monomers? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 5-6 carbon chain with hydroxyl; provide storage, transport of energy and structural components (cellulose and chitin) |
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Term
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Definition
| a carbon linked to an amino acid, carboxyl group, a hydrogen and an R group; 20 different amino acids used by cells; |
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Term
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Definition
| links carboxyl to amino acids |
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Term
| What are the four levels of structure of protein? |
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Definition
| Primary, secondary, tertiary and quatenary |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the secondary structure? |
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Definition
| it folds into an alpha helix and beta pleated sheets |
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