Term
| Define the chromosomal theory of inheritance: |
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Definition
| The theory that hereditary traits are carried on chromosomes |
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Term
| What model system did Thomas Hunt Morgan use to correlate inheritance with sex chromosomes? What are the wildstype and mutant ewye colors in this organism. |
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Definition
| Mendelin system, red and white. Wild types: normal phenotypes common in flies. and the Mutant eye are phenotypes alternate to phenotypes |
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Term
| What testcross was performed to explain the F1 cross that Morgan conducted. |
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Definition
| Morgan test crossed the female F1 progeny with the original white eyed male. |
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Term
| What are the sex chromosomes? Where does the eye color gene lie in Morgan's model organism? |
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Definition
| X and Y chromosomes are the sex chromosomes. Resides only on the x-chromosome. |
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Term
| What does it mean for a gene to be sex-linked? |
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Definition
| A trait determined by a gene on the x chromosome is said to be sex-linked |
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Term
| Describe the relationship between sex chromosomes and sex determination: |
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Definition
| XY XX, Male and Female but some disorders can go against that. |
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Term
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Definition
| Perfectly matched pairs of chromosomes |
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Term
| Why is the Y chromosome said to determine maleness in humans? |
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Definition
| Some active genes on Y chromosome are responsible for mascutazation |
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Term
| What is a sex linked disorder? |
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Definition
| Disorders associated with specific sex |
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Term
| What is the dosage compensation? How does this prevent doubling of sex-linked gene products? |
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Definition
| It ensures an equal level of expression from the sex chromosomes despite a differeing number of sex chromosomes in males and females |
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Term
| What is X-chromosome inactivation? How does it lead to mosaics? |
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Definition
| Females that are heterozygous for x chromosome allels are genetic mosaics; their individual cells may express different allels, depending on which chromosome is inactive. X-chromosome inactivation to produce dosage compensation. |
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Term
| Traits that are controlled by genes located on the x-chromosome are said to be ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In and organisms genome, autosomes are... |
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Definition
| All of the chromosomes other than sex chromosomes |
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