Term
∞ Know the basic tenet of Francis Crick’s Astonishing Hypothesis and Rene Descartes theory of
dualism. |
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Definition
Mental life arises from physical processes
Opposite stance: “you” separable from the body (dualism) |
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Term
∞ Know the contributions of Camillo Golgi and Santiago Ramon y Cajal to our understanding of
how the cells of the nervous system communicate. |
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Definition
Golgi: silver staining, neuron net theory
Ramon y cajal: neuron doctrine |
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Term
∞ Know the basic arrangements of the 4 nervous systems we discussed in class (nerve net, nerve
trunk, ganglia and true brain). |
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Definition
Nerve net: Contains only basic connection of sensory to motor neuron (hyphid)
Nerve trunk: bilateral, symmetrical, and segmented (plankton)
Ganglia: cluster of neurons and some encephalization (squid)
True brain: unique to chordates |
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Term
| Know when it is appropriate or inappropriate to use brain size as an estimate of intelligence. |
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Definition
| Interspecies (between) appropriate, intraspecies (Within) not appropriate |
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| close/far from one another |
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Term
| Know the major divisions of the CNS. |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the function of the ventricular system and CSF. |
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Definition
| Cerebrospinal fluid flows through hollow spaces and keeps brain buoyant and protected |
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Term
| Know the divisions of the hindbrain. |
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Definition
| Medulla and Pons & Cerebellum |
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Definition
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Definition
| down middle of face, symmetrical divisions |
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Term
| Sympathetic nervous system: |
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Definition
| arouses body for action (fight or flight |
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Term
| Autonomic nervous system: |
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Definition
| rest and digest response (complementary) |
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Term
| the divisions of the autonomic nervous system |
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Definition
Sympathetic nervous system: arouses body for action (fight or flight
Autonomic nervous system: rest and digest response (complementary) |
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Term
| Know the functions of the cerebellum. |
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Definition
Movement
And cognitive function |
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Term
| ∞ Know the nuclei of the midbrain mentioned in class and what their functions are. |
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Definition
| Tectum (roof) and tegmentum (floor) |
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Term
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Definition
| (regulatory center for eating, sex, sleep, temp |
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Term
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Definition
| Numerous nuclei, (sensory fiber convergence, filtering system, integration of information) |
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Term
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Definition
(voluntary movement, procedural memory, Parkinson’s Disease)
Several nuclei: caudate and putamen, globus pallidus, and subthalamic nucleus |
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Definition
(emotion/learning & memory)
amygdala and hippocampus and cingulated cortex |
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(perception)
Occipital lobe (vision)
Parietal (touch and sensory)
Temporal (auditory)
Frontal (motor and executive function) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| motor and executive funciton |
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Term
| Know major features of an axon. |
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Definition
| Axon hillock, nodes of Ranvier, myelin, |
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Term
| Know the structural variations seen in neurons. |
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Definition
| Unipolar, bipolar, multipolar (multiple branches extending from cell body) |
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Term
| general functions of glial cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| Be familiar with the resting membrane potential; what it is and how it’s maintained. |
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Definition
| Diffusion, electrical force, nernst equation |
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Term
| Know the 4 steps of the action potential. |
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Definition
Rapid Na influx, depolarization
K+ efflux slowly
Absolute refactory period: na channel closes, efflux K, Na/K pump returning to resting
Relative rectory period: K channel closes, hyperpolarization, reaches resting potential |
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Term
| Know the differences between graded potentials and how they affect the membrane. |
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Definition
EPSP (excitatory) small depolarization due to Na
IPSP (inhibitory) small hyperpolarizations due to Cl- in or K+ out |
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Term
| Know the 4 criteria for being classified as a neurotransmitter. |
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Definition
1. Must be synthesized within the neuron
2. Must be released in sufficient quantities to produce an effect on the postsynaptic cell
3. Must be able to reproduce the postsynaptic effect experimentally
4. Must possess a mechanism to end the interaction between the neurotransmitter and the postsynaptic cell |
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Term
| terminating chemical signal |
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Definition
difusion, neurtransmitters deactivated in synapse by enzzymes in syanptic gap
3. reuptake with transporters |
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Term
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Definition
| movement, learning, memory |
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Definition
| movement, reinforcement, planning |
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