Term
| What is the chromosomal theory of inheritance? |
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Definition
W. Sutton 1902.
Proposed that genes are present on chromosomes and based this on observations that homologous chromosomes pair with each other during meiosis. Worked with fruit flies. |
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Term
| What the T.H. Morgan discover? |
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Definition
| A mutant male fly with white eyes instead of red. |
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Term
| How did T.H. Morgan experiment? |
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Definition
| Crossed the mutant male with a normal red-eyed female. The entire F1 generation had red eyes which meant it was dominant. Then, the F1 generation was crossed with each other and it had red and white eyed flies. All of the white eyed flies were male. |
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Term
| What were the 2 hypothesis created from T.H. Morgan's experiment? |
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Definition
1.) White-eyed females couldn;t survive
2.) Maleness and eye color connected |
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Term
| How did T.H. morgan determine maleness and eye-color were connected? |
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Definition
| Testcrossed F1 female with white eyed male and concluded that eye color gene resides on X chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of X and Y chromosomes. |
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Term
| Out of the 26 pairs of chromosomes, how many are sex chromosomes? |
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Definition
| 1. The other 22 pairs are autosomes. |
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Term
| What is the default gender for humans? |
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Definition
| Female. Requires SRY gene on Y (highly condensed) for maleness. |
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Term
| What is an example of sex-linked disorder? |
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Definition
| Disease that effects a single protein in a cascade of proteins involved in the formation of blood clots. |
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Term
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Definition
| X-linked recessive allele. Heterozygous females are asymptomatic carriers. |
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Term
| What is dosage compensation? |
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Definition
| Ensures an equal expression of genes from the sex chromosomes even though females have 2 X chromosomes and males have XY |
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Term
| In each female, 1 X chromosome is inactivated and is highly condensed into what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are genetic mosaics? |
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Definition
| Females heterozygous for genes on the X chromosome. |
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Term
| Do mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do the chromosomes within mitochondria follow chromosomal theory of inheritance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who passes along mitochodrial DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The chloroplasts are often inherited from the mother. |
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Term
| What is genetic mapping? What is it based on? |
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Definition
| Obtaining information about the distance between two genes on a chromosome. Based on genetic recombination. |
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Term
| What did Sturtevant discover? |
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Definition
| As the physical distance on a chromosome increases, so does the probability of recombination occurring between the gene loci. |
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Term
| The distance between genes is _________ to the frequency of recombination events. |
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Definition
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Term
| Recombination Frequency = |
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Definition
Recombinant Progeny
_____________________
Total progeny. |
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Term
| 1% recombination = ___ map unit |
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Definition
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Term
| 1 map unit = ____ Centimorgan. |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you find the distance between traits on a chromosome? |
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Definition
1.) Testcross (all options by homozygous recessive)
2.) Consider possible eggs
3.) Count offspring
4.) Calculate distance |
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