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Definition
aka cell membrane
the membrane that surrounds the cell |
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Term
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Definition
an organelle (surrounded by 2 membranes) is the main storage site for eukaryotic DNA.
W/in the nucleus, DNA is transcribed to make RNA. RNA is then transported outside the nucleus to ribosomes, where is is translated into protein.
(Note: Mitochondria & chloroplasts contain some DNA of their own.) |
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Term
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
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Definition
an organelle consisting of a network of membranes that is continous with the outer membrane of the nucleus.
ER can be classified into 2 categories:
Rough: associated w/ ribosomes
Smooth: not associa. w/ ribosomes
The ER aids in the synthesis of membrane proteins, and it is also the site of lipid synthesis |
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Term
| Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Complex) |
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Definition
organelle that modifies and sorts proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum
Also site for synthesis of complex polysaccharides
(named after its discoverer Camillo Golgi) |
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Term
| Mitochondrion (Pl. Mitochondria) |
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Definition
| organelle surrounded by two membranes, the mitochondrion carries out oxidative phosphorylation in order to produce large quantities of ATP |
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Definition
| organelle featuring hydrolytic enzymes that digest proteins, carbohydrates, and fats |
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Term
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Definition
| a lipid bilayer w/ proteins and carbohydrates embedded throughout; selectively permeable barriers and carry out many critical cellular functions. |
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Term
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Definition
3 classes of amphipathic lipids: phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol. These 3 form the lipid bilayer, which is the main structural component of biological membranes.
in general lipids are defined more by their solibility properties than by their structure: lipids tend to be insoluble in water but soluble in various organic solvents. in addition, lipids serve as fuel molecules and signaling molecules |
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Term
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Definition
proposed 1970s by Singer&Nicolson to describe the structure of bio membranes.
The model includes the following aspects:
1.) membranes take the form of a lipid bilayer, or 2 layers of lipids
2.) membranes are 2 dimensional fluids: lipids and proteins diffuse freely with in the plane of the bilayer.
3.) proteins are embedded discontinuously (as a mosaic) throughout the lipid bilayer
4.)both lipids are proteins are distributed asymmetrically across the bilayer. |
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Term
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Definition
| proposed 1970s by Singer&Nicolson to describe the structure of bio membranes. The model includes the following aspects: 1.) membranes take the form of a lipid bilayer, or 2 layers of lipids 2.) membranes are 2 dimensional fluids: lipids and proteins diffuse freely with in the plane of the bilayer. 3.) proteins are embedded discontinuously (as a mosaic) throughout the lipid bilayer 4.)both lipids and proteins are distributed asymmetrically across the bilayer. |
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