Term
| Organisms get their nutrients and energy from two different sources and have two different names |
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Definition
| Autotrophs and heterotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| "Self feeders" that get their energy source and nutrients from inorganic sources. |
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Term
| Autotrophs include a subset called... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Energy source is sunlight. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Other feeders" that get nutrients from organic sources. |
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Term
| What wavelength range is visible light? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Distance between crests of adjacent waves |
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Term
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Definition
| The entire range of wavelengths |
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Term
| _______ wavelengths have more energy than ________ wavelengths. |
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Definition
| Short wavelengths have more energy than long wavelengths |
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Term
| The symbol for wavelength looks like a... |
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Definition
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Term
| Red has the __________ wavelength and the _______ energy |
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Definition
| Red has the longest wavelength and the lowest energy. |
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Term
| Violet has the __________ wavelength and the _________ energy |
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Definition
| Violet has the shortest wavelength and the highest energy |
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Term
| Energy level and wavelength are ____________ related. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the site of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| Chloroplasts inside the leaf. |
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Term
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Definition
| A distinct unit of light energy |
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Term
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Definition
| The substances that absorb visible light. |
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Term
| What captures photons in plants? |
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Definition
| Pigment molecules in the chloroplasts. |
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Term
| Why do leaves appear green? |
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Definition
| Green leaves reflect and transmit green light, while absorbing all the rest. |
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Term
| What contains the energy added in photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The colors leaves absorb. |
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Term
| The pigments molecules in photosynthesis includes: |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids |
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Term
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Definition
| Plots the wavelength absorption by pigment |
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Term
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Definition
| Plots rate of photosynthesis by wavelength. |
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Term
| What does the action spectrum include? |
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Definition
| All the pigments in a chloroplast. |
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Term
| Formula for photoshynthesis |
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Definition
| 6CO2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 + 6O2` |
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Term
| Photosynthesis is what kind of process? |
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Definition
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Term
| The two phases of photosynthesis are: |
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Definition
Light reaction/ Light dependent reaction
Dark reaction/ Light independent reaction/ Calvin cycle |
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Term
| The P in NADPH should signal |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does CO2 enter the plant? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does H20 enter the plant? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid inside chloroplast where sugars are made. |
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Term
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Definition
| Membrane sacs containing chlorophyll molecules which capture light energy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the photosystems located? |
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Definition
| In the thykaloid membrane |
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Term
| The two parts of photosystems |
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Definition
| Light harvesting complex and reaction center |
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Term
| What does the light harvesting complex do? |
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Definition
| Various pigment molecules absorb photons, which excites electrons. |
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Term
| What does the reaction center contain? |
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Definition
| Two chlorophyll a molecules that pass electrons to a primary electron acceptor. |
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Term
| What is within the primary electron acceptor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first photosystem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the reaction center called in photosystem II? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the second photosystem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the reaction center in photosystem I called? |
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Definition
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Term
| The electron transport chain following Photosystem II does what? |
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Definition
| Pumps H+ ions into the thykaloid space and ATP Synthase. |
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Term
| How are the lost electrons replaced in Photosystem II? |
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Definition
| Enzyme splits water to replace lost electrons |
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Term
| What results from split water |
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Definition
| Replacement electrons form the light reaction and released 02 |
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Term
| What happens to the electrons within the primary acceptor in Photosystem I? |
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Definition
| They go into an electron transport chain to reduce NADP+ to NADPH |
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Term
| The light dependent reaction sequence is characterized by what kind of electron flow? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The path electrons take in some bacteria that lack Photosystem II to generate ATP |
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Term
| True or false: It is impossible within all organisms to go though photosynthesis without both photosystems. |
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Definition
| False: some bacteria can generate ATP without photosystem II. |
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Term
| How is oxidative phosphorylation different between mitochondria and chloroplasts? |
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Definition
| The Electron transport chain creates a higher H+ concentration within the thykaloid space in the chloroplasts and within the intermembrane space. |
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Term
| The Calvin Cycle is also known as the |
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Definition
| Light Independent Reaction |
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Term
Put these in order:
Photosystem I
Calvin Cycle
Photosystem II |
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Definition
Photosystem II
Photosystem I
Calvin Cycle |
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Term
| Where does the Calvin Cycle occur? |
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Definition
| In the stroma of the chloroplast |
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Term
| What is produced from the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What goes into the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
| CO2 and energy (ATP and NADPH) |
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Term
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Definition
| (Ribulose biphosphate)Five carbons attached to two phosphates |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What catalyzes the attachment of CO2 to RuBP? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens after RuBP joins with a CO2 molecule? |
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Definition
| It immediately splits in half due to instability to form G3P |
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Term
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Definition
| Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate |
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Term
| What is directly produced from the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
| Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate |
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Term
| What is at the absolute end of the Calvin Cycle? |
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Definition
| Glucose and other organic compounds |
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Term
| What are the three variations of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are examples of C3 plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do C3 plants do to conserve water? |
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Definition
| They close their stomata during hot/dry conditions |
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Term
| What happens as a result of C3 plant's closed stomatas? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do C3 plants compensate for the decreased levels of CO2? |
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Definition
| Rubisco joins O2 to RuBP instead of CO2 |
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Term
| What happens at the end of a C3 plant's photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| The product is broken down to release CO2 through photorespiration |
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Term
| What is the overall resulting difference in C3 plants? |
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Definition
| No ATP is generated and a loss of photosynthesis efficiency |
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Term
| What are examples of C4 plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do C4 plants do to conserve water? |
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Definition
| They close their stomata during hot/dry conditions |
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Term
| How do C4 plants compensate for decreased levels of CO2? |
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Definition
| They expend ATP to concentrate CO2 and avoid photorespiration. |
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Term
| What helps concentrate CO2 in C4 plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the overall resulting difference in C4 plants? |
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Definition
| An energy tradeoff, but still beneficial in hot/dry conditions |
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Term
| What are examples of CAM Plants |
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Definition
| Succlents, Cacti, pineapples |
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Term
| What do CAM plants do to conserve water? |
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Definition
| Their stomata are closed during the day and open at night |
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Term
| How do CAM plants compensate for the decreased level of CO2? |
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Definition
| They store organic acids at night that release and supply CO2 for photosynthesis during the day. |
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Term
| In terms of oxidation and reduction, what happens in the light reaction? |
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Definition
- H2O is oxidized
- ADP and NADP+ is reduced |
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Term
| In terms of oxidation and reduction, what happens in the Calvin cycle? |
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Definition
| - ATP and NADPH are oxidized - CO2 is reduced. |
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