Term
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Definition
| group of organs whose purpose is to permit gas exchange between the body and the environment and produce the voice |
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Term
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Definition
| contains organs in the head. primary function is to protect the lower tract from debris, infectious organisms and environmental extremes |
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Definition
| contains organs inthe neck and thoracic cavity |
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Definition
| a chamber divided into two halves by a septum directly behind the nose |
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Definition
| divides the nasal cavity and is made up of bone and cartilage, lined with mucous membrane |
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Term
| eustachian (auditory) tubes |
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Definition
| allow fluid in the ear to drain and equalize air pressure between the inside and outside of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| mucous-membrane lined cavities in the skull bones that reduce the weight of the skull, help to filter air, and increase the resonance of the voice |
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Term
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Definition
| the throat, the common passageway for both food and air |
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Definition
| a rigid tube of cartilage that surrounds and protects the glottis, allowing air to flow freely into the lower respiratory tract. |
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Definition
| structures made up of elastic ligaments and folds of epithelial tissues responsible for making sounds. located in the larynx. |
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Term
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Definition
| The "windpipe". below the larynx, partial rings of cartilage that hold their round shape thanks to a strip of smooth muscle. |
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Definition
| the tubes that distribute air to the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| healthy ones are pink and cone-shaped. Organ that transfers oxygen to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| tubes that branch off of the bronchi, these branch into alveolar ducts, then sacs |
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Term
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Definition
| small air sacs inside the long, branched off from the bronchi. surrounded by a net of capillaries that transfer gases to the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| connects the surface of the lung with the chest wall |
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Term
| environmental tobacco smoke |
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Definition
| sidestream smoke emitted by the lit end of a cigarette, combined with the mainstream smoke exhaled by active smokers |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny particles, with a diameter of less than half width of a human hair. Tobacco particulates are known as tar. |
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Term
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Definition
| sinus infection. smoke exposure can increase the risk of it, some studies suggest |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the middle part of the ear. caused by poor drainage of ear fluid, more likely in children of smokers. |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling of the vocal cords. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tonsils, which are lymphatic tissues at the sides of the throat. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bronchial tubes, more likely with increased mucus production and damaged cilia. |
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Term
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Definition
| when fluid begins to fill the alveoli, caused by bronchial infection traveling to the lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| an abnormally intense immune response that results in constriction of the bronchial walls and overproduction of mucus. |
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Term
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Definition
| the exchange of gases between the environment and an organism, not cellular respiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| physically moving air onto and out of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulatory system fluids and the respiring body tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of air taken into the lungs in each normal breath. usually about 500 ml or 2 cupfuls |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum amount of air you can exhale after a deep breath. about 4800 ml in a healthy person |
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Term
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Definition
| the air in the lungs that cannot be exhaled |
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Term
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Definition
| also inspiration, the uptake of air. |
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Term
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Definition
| a strong dome-shaped muscle that triggers inspiration. located under the ribcage |
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Term
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Definition
| muscles that lift the rib cage outward and upward during breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| also expiration, the release of air. when resting, requires no muscle contraction. also called passive exhalation. active exhalation occurs during intense aerobic exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of nerve cells that generate a repeated pattern of impulses that trigger the contraction of the muscles that permit inhalation. |
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Term
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Definition
| when the respiratory cycle is not fully functional, and breathing will cease for 10-120 seconds at a time. |
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Term
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Definition
| condition where alveoli are destroyed, due to high pressure in the lungs. causing more air space in the lungs and hyperventilation |
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Term
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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Definition
| emphysema combined with chronic bronchitis |
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Term
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Definition
| the lining of the alveoli, the epithelial tissue across which gases from inside the body are exchanged with gases in the air. |
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Definition
| the force that a gas exerts on an object by virtue of the mass of the gas. |
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Term
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Definition
| the concentration of any one gas in a mixture of gases. partial pressure of a gas is equal to its concentration in a mixture of gases multiplied by the total pressure of the combined gases. |
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Term
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Definition
| a soaplike substance that prevents the alveolar walls from sticking together and maintains constant coverage of the alveolar surface |
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