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| led a group of scientists to the Arafak Mountains in New Guinea and asked a group of natives about their names for birds. They had 137. Once collected and dissected, there were 138 species. Showed that different species can be recognized easily by observations. Also came up with concept of biological species. |
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| population geneticist; promoted one mechanism for speciation (speciation by adaptive divergence). |
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| promoted second mechanism for speciation (speciation by peak shifts); stochastic environment; genetic equilibrium |
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| German meteorologist; came up with continental drift theory; way ahead of his time-no one believed him; traveled to Greenland |
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| Francis Crick and Leslie Orgel |
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| developed theory of directed panspermia which is one of the theories of the origin of life |
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| proposed the hypothesis for the biochemical evolution of life; proposed abiotic synthesis |
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| proposed the hypothesis for the biochemical evolution of life; proposed abiotic synthesis; coacervate |
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| suggested move from 2 to 5 Kingdoms |
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| discovered Deuterium (heavy isotope of H); teacher of Stanley Miller; gave him six months to do experiment |
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| created a laboratory set-up that simulated conditions on earth that life arose on; spark-discharge apparatus; alternate theory that life began on ice (eutectic freezing, reducing atmosphere) |
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| proposed that life began in hot/dense atmospheres called hydrothermal vents |
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| demonstrated mechanism under which amino acid polymerization could take place under hot, pressured conditions; dropped dilute amino acids onto hot rock, sand, clay to leave concentrated monomers which formed polymers; thermal protonoids (aggregated into a mass with a bilayer) protinoid microsphere |
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| student of Stanley miller during ice theory; eutectic freezing; reducing atmosphere |
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| proposed that DNA was a primitive method of aligning RNA; discovered catalytic activity in RNA |
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