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Biblical Backgrounds
Schaefer Vocab
97
Other
Undergraduate 3
04/17/2014

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Term
932 BC
Definition
Israel split from Judah
Term
722 BC
Definition
Capitol Samaria destroyed by Assyrians (Northern Kingdom)
Term
587 BC
Definition
Babylonians destroy capitol Jerusalem (Southern Kingdom) begin of exile
Term
Diaspora
Definition
a voluntary movement of Jews out of the Promised Land
Term
167-164 BC
Definition
Maccabean revolt war
Term
Antiochus Epiphanes
Definition
Seleucidruler; sought to force Jews to give up being Jews; provoked Maccabean War
Term
Rehoboam
Definition
First king of southern kingdom Judah
Term
Jeroboam
Definition
First king of northern kindgom
Term
Hasmonean dynasty
Definition
family who ruled Judea from ca. 164-63 BC
Term
Bethel and Dan
Definition
religious centers of the northern kingdom
Term
Average size of OT cities
Definition
approx. 30 acres I size
Term
Cities
Definition
est. vary from 100-160 people per acre
Term
Villages
Definition
12-18 extended families
Term
Cardo
Definition
Main north-south street in Roman city
Term
Decumanus
Definition
Main west-east street in Roman city
Term
Types of city walls; Inset-Offset
Definition
built in panels that were staggered
Term
Western influence of city
Definition
Greek: gymnasium became focal point
Roman: streets were laid out in grid
Term
Type of city wall: Casemate
Definition
consisted of two parallel walls w/ perpendicular wall that divided wall into rooms
Term
What was the most vulnerable part of the city
Definition
The Gate
Term
Dwellers
Definition
included Partriarchs, Kenites, Rechabites
Term
Sukkoth
Definition
Hebrew word identifying the annual autumn festival = "tenting days" in the wilderness
Term
Eleph
Definition
Hebrew word for 1000 or

name for a tent clan
Term
construction of roof
Definition
laying down sycamore poles, then
Term
Elisha Spring
Definition
large spring at Jericho
Term
Gihon Spring
Definition
primary source of water for OT Jerusalem
Term
En Gedi
Definition
David's source of water when fleeing from Saul
Term
Ain Harod
Definition
Spring where Gideon chose 300 men to accompany him in battle
Term
Ain
Definition
Arabic word for spring
Term
En
Definition
Hebrew word for spring
Term
Aquifers
Definition
naturally occurring underground reservoirs
Term
Jacob's well
Definition
a deep well in Shechem, scene of Jesus and the woman at the well
Term
Beer
Definition
Hebrew word for well
Term
Nari
Definition
Soft limestone from Shephelah, used as plaster for cisterns
Term
Mikveh
Definition
an open container of water used for ritual cleansing by immersion
Term
Abaddon
Definition
Poetic name for sheol
Term
Abba
Definition
Father, Daddy (Aramaic)
Term
Abraham
Definition
Patriarch who dug a number of well in the Negev
Term
AD 70
Definition
Romans destroyed Jerusalem
Term
Adonai
Definition
Lord, Master (Hebrew)
Term
Aeila Capitolina
Definition
name given to Jersusalem after it was rebuilt by Hadrian
Term
Aggressive marriage
Definition
wife taken/chosen from a foreign pool
Term
Agora
Definition
(Greek) market place w/in a walled city
Term
Aijalon
Definition
Wadi where Joshua asked the sun to stand still
Term
Alluvium
Definition
soil deposited by water
Term
Amphora
Definition
shipping containers for wine and oil
Term
Anat & Asherah
Definition
wet nurses of the Canaanite gods
Term
Anathoth
Definition
village w/no source of ground water.
Term
Anna
Definition
Prophetess who met Joseph and Mary in the temple
Term
BC/AD
Definition
Before Christ; Anno Domini (in the year of our Lord)
Term
Bath
Definition
liquid measurement equivalent to 5.5 gallons
Term
Bashan
Definition
region immediately east of Sea of Galilee, covered w/extinct volcanos and layers of basalt ... Cattle grazing
Term
Basalt
Definition
Harden lava
Term
Bama
Definition
Canaanite high places, which the Israelites were commanded to destroy
Term
Azazel
Definition
Prince of demons to whom the scapegoat was sent on the Day of Atonement
Term
Athaliah
Definition
Judean queen who ruled the country after she killed most of David's decendents
Term
Aswan
Definition
site of the first cataract; Egypt's southern border
Term
Assyria
Definition
nation based in upper Mesopotamia. In 722 destroyed capitol of Israel, Samaria
Term
Aram Naharaim
Definition
name for Mesopotamia
Term
Arabian Desert
Definition
the sandy, southern border of Mesopotamia
Term
Arabah
Definition
Primary fault that runs under Israel from north to south
Term
Antonia Fortress
Definition
tower of NW corner of Temple Mount
Term
Aqueduct
Definition
Canal or pipeline used to convey water from its source to where it is used
Term
Anticline
Definition
the upward fold/ripple that takes place as tectonic plates bump into each other
Term
Beersheba
Definition
well dug by Abraham
Term
Beth
Definition
Hebrew used for house, family and is the second letter in the alphabet
Term
Bethel
Definition
southern city used for worship by
Term
Bier
Definition
stretcher on which the deceased was carried to his/her resting place
Term
Breast plate
Definition
represented righteousness
Term
Canopic jars
Definition
containers holding the soft dehydrated organs of a mummy
Term
Cataract
Definition
an obstruction in the Nile River; creates rapids or waterfalls
Term
Chaff
Definition
dry grain hulls
Term
chert
Definition
flint; found in Wilderness of Judah in thin layers
Term
Cisjordan
Definition
land west of the Jordan River
Term
Citadel
Definition
fortified compound in a royal city where the king and his family lived
Term
City populations
Definition
est 160 - 240 people per acre
Term
City size
Definition
lg cities in Judah sometimes reached 30 acres in size
Term
primary clay
Definition
pure clay
Term
secondary clay
Definition
clay that has picked impurities
Term
coils
Definition
earliest attempts to make clay vessels-before the use of a potter's wheel
Term
conciliatory marriage
Definition
wife chosen from a family pool
Term
Cor/Kor
Definition
dry measurement equivalent to a donkey load
Term
Couscous
Definition
coarsely ground or cracked wheat that is steamed and eaten
Term
Main crops
Definition
grains, grapes, olives
Term
Cubit
Definition
measurement equivalent to 18" ( length from fingers to elbow)
Term
cuneiform
Definition
pictographic writing developed by the people of Mesopotamia
Term
Daniel
Definition
exiled Jew who rose to prominence during the exile
Term
Debhash
Definition
sweetner; honey from bees
Term
Deborah
Definition
prophetess who teamed up with Barak to attack the Canaanite army
Term
Cecumanus
Definition
main west-east street in a Roman City
Term
Defensive Marriage
Definition
wife chosen from a believer pool
Term
Despotes
Definition
Lord of House (Greek)
Term
Distaff
Definition
tool to hold tow in place as one spins fibers into thread or yarn
Term
Early rains
Definition
begin each Fall (Oct - Nov); followed by heavy rains
Term
Educational Philosophy: Athenian
Definition
The state works with the parents in the education of the children
Term
Educational Philosophy: Jewish
Definition
parents responsible for children's education
Term
El Quds
Definition
Arabic name for Jersusalem
Term
idyah
Definition
desert winds; most often around spring
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