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calcium-inorganic phosphate and OH - bone growth maintenance |
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-essential for nucleic acid synthesis and energy metabolism -kidney regulates these levels -we get almost enough -too much from supplements->too much is kidney failure. -if from food, no bad side effects -we do not get enough magnesium need about 100 more -absorption increased by vitamin d |
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too much= kidney dmg we get enough of this.. controlled by kidney enhanced by vitamin d |
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| too much of this from supplements is not good because it will inhibit absorption of iron and znc. |
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rickets, bone loss, poor teeth development susceptible: alcoholics, older ppl, people who take a1-antacid daily |
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loss of calcium in urine kidney stones hypertension |
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inactivity obesity excessive alcohol use increases risk of stroke, CVD, kidney disease, poor circulation |
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Definition
vomitting diarhea, sweating, |
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Definition
| loss of appetite, muscle cramps, confusion, heart will stop. |
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-trace mineral -vegetarians most at risk -2 forms of iron heme & mineral --ferrous --ferric -observed in duodenum --most efficient absorption: heme iron HCP1 --fe2+: ferrous dmt 1 --fe3+ ferric uptake via membrane binding protein. |
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| factors that promote iron uptake |
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Definition
high stomach acid, gastric acid vitamin c fe3+->fe2+ meat protein--help facilitate uptake |
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| factor inhibiting uptake of iron |
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Definition
low gastric acid things that bind to iron, phytic acid, oxalic acid, tannins |
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Definition
in absorptive cells, fe bound by ferritin fe transferred to ferroprotein--moves out of cell to blood fe is then transferred to transferrin in blood goes to the liver..where it is releases the iron. --free iron is very dangerous..must be constantly transferred... in the liver, iron is transfered to like hemoglobin or myoglobin...
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