Term
|
Definition
| Structures and processess in society that authoritatively make and apply policies and rules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bundle of values that creates a world view |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economythat emerges when people move beyond subsistence production to produce for trade and markets take a more central roll |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| profit making activity that provides products and services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a political pattern, recurrent in world history, in which common people feel disadvantaged or oppressed and seek to take power from the collective elite |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| network of human relations that includes three interacting elements: ideas, institutions, and material things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enduring beliefs about which fundamental life choices are correct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| underlying agreement between business and society about basic duties and responsibilities business must carry out to retain public support. may be reflected in laws and regulations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| business is run by salaried managers and not owners/entrepreneurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an entity benefitted or burdened by actions of a corporation who can affect the corporation. corporation has an ethical duty toward these entities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formal patterns of relations that link people together toward a common goal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| actions a corporation does to affect its environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of phenomena moving through time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plausible story of furtue based on how current trends may play out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unforecasted events that alter ongoing predictable trends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| creation of networks of human interaction that span worldwide distances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| international actor having ruling authority, citizens, and a territory with fixed borders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosophy in which nations promote trade by easing restrictions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of shared knowledge, values, norms, customs, and rituals that are acquired by social learning (and handed down over generations) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this requires popular sovereignty, political liberty, and majority rule |
|
|
Term
| foreign direct investment |
|
Definition
| capital investment by private firms outside their home country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| voluntary adopted codes of conduct setting for rules about corporate behavior. Often derived from international conduct standards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of ideas, institutions, and material things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of power beyond what is right |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| force or strength to act of to compel another entity to act |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| view that business is the most powerful institution because of its control of wealth. power is excessive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| view that business power is exercised in a society multiple groups and institutions also have great power. power gets balanced out. Adam Smith is a believer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an agent of a company whose corporate role puts him of her in a posistion of power over the fate of not just stockholders, but of other such as customers, employees, and communities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sole responsibilty of a corporation is to optimize profit while obeying the law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regulation by nonstate actors based on social norms or standards, enforced by social or market sanctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| application of one nation's laws within the borders of another nation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a standard that arises over time and is enforced by social sanction or law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the presence of substances in the environment that inconvenience or endanger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an animated iteractive realm of plants, animals, and microorganisms inhabiting an area of the nonliving environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benefits to hummanity from ecosystem. outcomes such as food and fiber from natural capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slender margin atop the earth's crust, including crust, waters, and atmosphere. it includes all that is living on earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonpolluting economic growth that raises standard of living without depleting the natural resources of the earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| permit system that allow companies to reduce emissions as fast as permits allow or buy from others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amount of greenhouse gases emitted per unit of economic output, measured as tons of emissions per million dollars of gross domestic product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treated or untreated waste-water discharge from an industrial facility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discrete source of effluent such as a factory, mine, ship, or pipeline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| costs of production borne not by the enterprise that created them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal or substantial reduction of regulation over industry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the effort by goverments to acheive economic or social outcomes by directing the behavior of citizens, groups, and corporations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this has the force of law. a decree developed by an agency to implement a law passed by Congress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the general rule that federal courts should defer to agency rules that are based on reasonable interpretations of ambiguous statutes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| these regulators are nominated by the President, confirmed by the senate, can be removed for any reason |
|
|
Term
| independent regulatory commission |
|
Definition
| this is run by 5 commissioners, staggered 6 year terms, could be no more than three from one party, nominated by the president, approved by the senate, members must be removed for cause |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a daily government publication containing proposed rules, final rules, and notice of other actions by federal regulatory agencies |
|
|
Term
| code of federal regulations |
|
Definition
| anually revised, bound volumes that compile final rules and effective regulations from all federal agencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Least developed countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| who charters a corporation in the USA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is computed by taking the average of three ratios: foreign assets to toal assets, foreign employment to total employment, foreign sales to total sales |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Entity headquartered in one ountry that does part of its business in another country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| purchase of stocks or bonds in a foreign company by individuals or mutual funds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a 1977 code of conduct that required multinational corporations to do business in a nondiscriminatory way in South Africa |
|
|
Term
| Internation Code of Conduct |
|
Definition
| aspirational statements, policies, principles for foreign operations that a multinational corporation voluntarily agrees to follow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a 1789 law permitting foreign citizens to litigate alleged violations of international law in US districts court |
|
|
