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BFC Dermatology Terms
basicskin conditions
45
Health Care
Not Applicable
06/26/2010

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Term
Abcess
Definition
A walled off collection of pus that usually is a painful, inflamed, firm or fluctuant (varying or unstable) mass.
Term
Atrophy
Definition
Thinning of the skin; opposite of hypertrophic, the thickening of the skin. example: atrophy occurs normally with agining; hypertrophy in Lichen planus
Term
Boil
Definition
a well-circumcised, infectious inflammation of the deeper skin layers. example: furuncle (infection of the hair follicle)
Term
Bulla (pl. bullae)
Definition
a vesicle greater than 5mm in diameter. See definition of vesicle. Bullae and vesicles are also known as blisters. example: contact dermatitis, Bullous impetigo
Term
Confluent
Definition
to run together, as when papules merge
Term
crust
Definition
dermatologist's word for scab. A secondary lesion (it follows the primary lesion) example: eczema, seborrhea, impetigo
Term
Cyst
Definition
a circumscribed lesion with a wall that may contain fluid or solid matter. example: epidermal cyst, pilar cyst
Term
edema - swelling due to increased fluid in body tissue
Definition
contact dermatitis
Term
erosion
Definition
a defect only of the epidermis, not involving the dermis it is different from an ulcer in terms of depth; also, an erosion should heal without scarring. An erosion will also result from excoriations (scratching), which are typically linear in nature. example: eczematous diseases, vesiculobullous diseases, neurotic excoriations, scratched insect bites.
Term
erythema (adj erythematous)
Definition
redness. example: sunburn
Term
exanthem
Definition
any eruption of the skin accompanied by inflammation. ex: drug reactions, erysipelas
Term
excoriation
Definition
scratch mark on the surface of the skin; seen in many skin disorders that itch
Term
extensor, flexor
Definition
these anatomical terms are used frequently in dermatology.

extensor surfaces, such as elbows, back of wrists, and from of knees, are sometimes associated with certain diseases. Whereas, the opposite areas - the antecubital surfaces, front of wrists (Same side as your palsm), and the back of your knees-are known as the flexor surfaces and are associated with different skin disorders. Confused? look up psoriasis (extensor surfaces) amd ecaema (flexor surfaces)
Term
dorsal
Definition
Term
ventral
Definition
Term
lateral
Definition
Term
palmar
Definition
Term
plantar
Definition
Term
fissure
Definition
crack in the skin surface. ex: chapping, tinea pedis, eczema
Term
hives (urticaria)
Definition
localized itchy wheals that can burn or sting. See wheal
Term
hyperkeratosis
Definition
thickening of the skin. keratin is a tough protein found in hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin. ex: corn, callus
Term
hypo- or hyperpigmentation
Definition
an increase or decrease in pigment relative to the surrounding skin. example: Vitilgo, tenia versicolor (pityriasis versicolor), freckles, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Term
induration
Definition
hardness of the skin relative to the surrounding area
Term
lesion
Definition
circumscribed area of pathologically altered tissue. this is a very broad term, not of much use in giving specific detail
Term
lichenification
Definition
skin thcikening and ahrdening from continued irritaion. ex: occcurs in chronic atopic dermatitis (eczema) due to chronic rubbing or scratching
Term
macerated
Definition
the appearance of skin that results from steeping in a fluid. your fingers have this appearance after you take a long bath. ex: tinea pedia (in the toe webs), also described as sodden maceration
Term
macule
Definition
a circumscribed area of change in normal skin color without elevation or depression of the surrounding skin. it is not palpable. a patch is the same as a macule, only larger (>.5cm) ex: freckle, fixed drug eruption, tinea versicolor, vitiligo, secondary syphilis
Term
mole (nevus)
Definition
a congenital discolored papule
Term
nodule
Definition
a circumscribed, often round, solid lesion more than 0.5 cm in diameter; a large nodule is referred to as a tumor. ex: furuncle, lymphoma, melanoma, warts. RAISED?
Term
papule
Definition
a superficial solid lesion less than 0.5cm in diameter. most of it is elevated above, rather than deep, within the plane of the surrounding skin. a papule is palpable...confluence of papules leads to the development of larger, usually flattopped, circumscribed, plateau-like elevations known as plaques. ex: molluscum contagiousum, skin tags, warts, acne,

Plaque: eczema, lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis.
Term
papulosquamous
Definition
denoting the presence of both papules and scales. papulosquamous disorders: pityriasis rosea, lichen planus, seborrheic dermatitis
Term
patch
Definition
=macule >.5cm
a circumscribed area of change in normal skin color without elevation or depression of the surrounding skin. it is not palpable. ex: freckle, fixed drug eruption, tinea versicolor, vitiligo, secondary syphilis
Term
plaque
Definition
larger, usually flattopped, circumscribed, plateau-like elevations that develop from the confluence of papules. a superficial solid lesion. most of it is elevated above, rather than deep, within the plane of the surrounding skin. it is palpable.

ex: molluscum contagiousum, skin tags, warts, acne,

Plaque: eczema, lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis.
Term
primary lesion
Definition
the way that the lesion looks when the skin disease begins, as opposed to the secondary lesion which occurs after scratching, infection, or ht enormal progression of the skin lesion
Term
pustule
Definition
a circumscribed superficial cavity of the skin that contains a purulent exudate. this may be white, yellow, or green. exudate is fluid that oozes out. ex: folliculitis, acne
Term
purulent
Definition
pertaining to pus. ex: a purulent discharge from an open abcess.
Term
satellite lesions
Definition
this term is used to describe smaller lesions that surround the main lesion, like satellites orbiting a planet
Term
scales
Definition
- flakes of the stratume corneum (the outermost layer of the skin) shedding of this skin is norma in small amounts but may increase with certain skin diseases. example: eczema, psoriasis, pityriasis rosea, dandruff
Term
serpiginous
Definition
like a serpent; this refers to the wavy line shapes of burrows, the product of the scabies mite, for example digging out tunnels in the epidermis ex: scabies
Term
tumor
Definition
large nodule
Term
ulcer
Definition
an ulcer is a skin defect in which there has been loss of epidermis and the upper papillary layer of the dermis. synonymous iwth sore; different form an erosion in terms of depth. uclers always heal with scarring. ex: chancroid, syphilis chancre, neoplasms
Term
vesicle
Definition
circumscribed, elevated, superficial cavity containing fluid. less than 0.5cm in diameter; otherwise called a bulla

ex: herpes simplex, contact dermatitis, varicella zoster, impetigo, dyshidrotic eczema
Term
violaceous
Definition
used to describe a purple discoloration of the skin. ex: lichen planus
Term
wart (verruca)
Definition
circumscribed skin elevation or papule, caused by the papillomavirus. warts may have a vegetated appearance.

ex: human papillomavirus
Term
wheal (hive)
Definition
raised mark on the skin. a firm edematous papule or plaque resulting from infiltration of the dermis with fluid; whelas are transient and may last only a few hours.

ex: hives, insect bites, emotional stress, exposure to heat, cold, or exercise
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