Term
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Definition
| transduction of raw signal to electric nerve impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| processing the sensory info to make sense of it |
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Term
| What are the main 7 sensory receptors? |
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Definition
photoreceptors: sight
hair cells: hearing, acceleration
nociceptors: pain
thermoreceptors: temperature change
osmoreceptors: blood osmolarity
olfactory receptors: smell
taste receptors: taste
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Term
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Definition
| minimum stimulus increase needed to activate the sensory system |
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Term
| threshold of conscious perception |
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Definition
| stimuli below this threshold will not reach higher-order brain regions but will be perceived |
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Term
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Definition
| the minimum difference in magnitude between to stimuli to be able to perceive a difference |
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Term
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Definition
| states that the just noticeable difference is proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that nonsensory factors such as memories and emotions affect how we perceive stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of subjects to respond in a specific way due to nonsensory factors |
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Term
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Definition
| becoming used to a sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| located at back of eye, contains photoreceptors |
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Term
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Definition
| clear, domelike, gathers and focuses incoming light |
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Term
| In what order does light pass through the structures of the eye? |
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Definition
- cornea
- aqueous humor
- lens
- vitreous humor
- retina
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| controls refraction of incoming light by changing shape through accomodation |
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Term
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Definition
cones - seeing colors; multiple pigments
rods - light and dark; one pigment rhodopsin |
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Term
| Is the connection of rods and cones to the optic nerve direct? |
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Definition
| No, they connect first with bipolar cells which connect with ganglion cells to form the optic nerve. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the optic chiasm? |
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Definition
| The fibers from the nasal half of each retina cross here allowing everything from the left visual field to be processed by the right side of the brain and everything from the right visual field to be processed by the left side of the brain. |
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Term
| lateral geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
| part of thalamus that relays visual sensory information |
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Term
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Definition
| outside part of ear that channels soun waves into external auditory canal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connects middle ear to nasal cavity and equalizes pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| sprial shaped organ that contains auditory organs |
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Term
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Definition
| actual hearing apparatus composed of thosuands of hair cells that sits on basilar membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| permits fluid to move within the cochlea and ensure that hair cells will move |
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Term
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Definition
| part of bony labyrinth containg utricle and saccule |
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Term
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Definition
| contain modified hair cells called otoliths and are sensitive to linear acceleration |
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Term
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Definition
| sensitive to rotational acceleration |
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Term
| medial geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
| part of thalamus that relays auditory sensory information |
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Term
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Definition
| auditory sensory info sent here where is localizes the sound |
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Term
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Definition
| the minimum distance necessary between two points of stimulation on the skin such that the points will be felt as two distinct stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| normal temperature of the skin upon which we judge hot or cold |
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Term
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Definition
| proprioception; where ones body is in space |
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Term
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Definition
| uses parallel processing and feature detection to take individual sensory stimuli to create cohesive image before determining what the object is |
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Term
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Definition
| driven my memories and expectations allowing us to recognize the whole object without analyzing specific parts |
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Term
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Definition
| using bottom-up and top-down processing along with other sensory clues to create a complete picture |
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Term
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Definition
| relies on monocular and binocular clues |
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Term
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Definition
| we perceive certian characteristics of objects to remain the same despite changes in environment |
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Term
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Definition
| ways the brain can infer missing parts of a picture when a picture is incomplete |
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Term
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Definition
| elements close to one another tend to be perceived as a unit |
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Term
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Definition
| objects that are similar appear to be grouped together |
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Term
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Definition
| elements that appear to follow the same pathway tend to be grouped together |
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Term
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Definition
| the preception of nonexistent edges in figures, based on surrounding visual cues |
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Term
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Definition
| when a space is enclosed by a group of lines, it is perceived as a complete or closed line |
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Term
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Definition
| perceptual organization will always be as regular, simple, and symmetric as possible |
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