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Definition
| The life processes within neurons which are specialized to use both electrical and chemical signals. |
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| The propagated electrical message of a neuron that travels along the axon to the presynaptic axon terminals. |
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Definition
| Chemical released when action potential reaches axon terminals that stimulates spinal motoneurons. |
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Definition
| Electrically charged molecules |
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Definition
| Negatively charged ions. The majority of ions in a neuron are these.(proteins, chloride ion) |
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Definition
| Positively charged ions. (potassium, sodium) |
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Definition
| AKA Cytoplasm. Watery solution found within cells. Dissolves ions. |
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Definition
| The fluid in the spaces between cells separated from the cytoplasm by the cell membrane. Also found in the vascular system. |
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Definition
| Lipid bilayer that ensheathes a cell. |
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Definition
| An espescially small electrode used to record electrical potentials from living cells. |
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| Resting Membrane Potential |
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Definition
| A difference in electrical potential across the membrane of ta nerve cell during an inactive period. |
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Definition
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Definition
| A negative electrical potential difference relative to a reference electrode. |
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Definition
| Two layers of linked fatty molecules within which float various specialized proteins, like receptors. |
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Definition
| Tubelike pore that allows ions of specific type to pass through the membrane. |
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Definition
| An ion channel that can open and close in response to factors such as chemicals, voltage changes, or mechanical actions. |
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Definition
| A potassium ion that has lost one electron and carries a positive charge. |
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Definition
| That a membrane can let some substances through but not others. |
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Definition
| The force that makes molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. |
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Definition
| How much something is concentrated within a reigon. |
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Definition
| How electrically charged molecules tend to move to areas that have molecules of the opposite charge. |
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Term
| The two opposing forces that drive ions in and out of a neuron. |
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Definition
1) Diffusion
2) Electrostatic Pressure |
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Definition
| Pushes (3) sodium ions into a cell for every (2) potassium ions pumped in. Lots of energy consumed! |
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Term
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Definition
| The point at which movement across the cell membrane is balanced. This corresponds to the cell's resting potential. |
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Term
| How are action potentials triggered? |
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Definition
1) Hyperpolarization
2) Depolarization |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in membrane potential AKA the neuron becomes MORE negative on the inside than the outside. Membrane potential is FARTHER from zero. |
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Term
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Definition
| A decrease in membrane potential AKA the interior of the neuron becomes LESS negative. Membrane potential is CLOSER to zero. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Stimulus intensity that's enough to trigger an action potential at the axon hillock. |
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